英文名称：War Photographer
年代：2001
推荐：千部英美剧台词本阅读
| 时间 | 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|---|
| [00:03] | Other wars have been photographed. | 其他战争也曾留下影像纪录 |
| [00:05] | World War II was covered from start to finish, | 但二战却被从头至尾详细报道 |
| [00:09] | in every service, in every theater. | 面面俱到 随处可见 |
| [00:15] | For the first time in history, civilians knew something | 史上第一次 平民能够知晓 |
| [00:18] | of how their sons, husbands and brothers | 他们的儿子 丈夫 兄弟 |
| [00:22] | lived and died in this vast crucible. | 如何在严酷战争中经历生死考验 |
| [00:26] | The images of this war burned our eyes and spirits | 战争画面烙印在我们的记忆和灵魂中 |
| [00:30] | and welded us together. | 将我们凝聚在一起 |
| [01:15] | I loved it because it was dangerous. | 我喜欢那种危险的感觉 |
| [01:18] | I’m a fraidy-cat, | 我是个胆小鬼 |
| [01:20] | but if there was a job to do, I did it. | 但我完成了自己的职责 |
| [01:23] | No matter how horrible the action was | 无论你拍摄的战场 |
| [01:25] | that you were covering, | 多么残酷 |
| [01:27] | when you looked through that glass, | 当你透过镜头看时 |
| [01:29] | that glass was your filter. | 必须屏蔽自己的感情 |
| [01:30] | I got carried away one time | 我有次拍得太投入 |
| [01:33] | and got out in front of the gun, | 不小心走到了枪口前 |
| [01:35] | shooting the gun firing, and that was a big mistake, | 试图拍摄射击画面 这是个大错误 |
| [01:38] | because the muzzle blast got me and knocked me about 40 feet, | 枪口冲击波把我震出去足有十米 |
| [01:42] | ass over tea kettle. | 真是人仰马翻 |
| [01:44] | We hit an intersection where we were shot at. | 我们有次在十字路口被袭击 |
| [01:47] | The bullets just whizzed by us into the cab of the truck. | 子弹呼啸着射穿卡车驾驶室 |
| [01:51] | When you’re bailing out of that airplane, | 当你跳出飞机 |
| [01:53] | and you’re on the way down, you say, “Oh, no. Oh, no.” | 在空中下落时 你就想着”我完了 我完了” |
| [01:56] | But shells… you can’t see anything. | 但炮弹不长眼 |
| [01:59] | It’s come to… | 到最后 |
| [02:00] | You want to yell, “Stop. This is… I’m here.” | 你只想大喊”别打了 我在这里” |
| [02:04] | Those are some of the men who took the pictures | 就是他们 为我们所知的二战 |
| [02:06] | by which we remember World War II. | 拍下了影像 |
| [02:10] | Some of their images are immortal. | 有些影像世界闻名 |
| [02:12] | Many have been hidden in the archives for decades. | 有些隐藏在档案室长达数十年 |
| [02:16] | But whether their pictures are famous or not, | 但不管他们的作品是否出名 |
| [02:19] | what you are about to see is unique. | 你将看到的影像都具有独一无二的意义 |
| [02:21] | War stories backed by the irrefutable evidence | 一段由不可辨驳影像佐证的 |
| [02:24] | of the films they made. | 战争历史 |
| [02:27] | In their hands, | 在他们手中 |
| [02:28] | the camera became a weapon more potent than the rifle, | 摄像机变成了比枪炮更强大的武器 |
| [02:32] | a weapon whose impact resonates even more powerfully now | 这个武器时至今日影响甚至更大 |
| [02:36] | as memory is transformed into history. | 因为记忆化为了历史 |
| [02:41] | In 1941, we were as unprepared to photograph war | 在1941年 我们对拍摄战争毫无准备 |
| [02:45] | as we were to wage it. | 正如我们对战争毫无准备 |
| [02:47] | When John Ford made his film on Pearl Harbor, | 当约翰·福特拍摄珍珠港影片时 |
| [02:49] | the Japanese attack was recreated out of special effects, | 日本人的袭击全由特效重现 |
| [02:53] | intercut with old newsreel footage… | 并加上了老的新闻片段 |
| [02:56] | and a few feet of the real thing. | 及少量真实镜头 |
| [03:03] | Men, man your battle stations. God bless you. | 迅速回到各自岗位 愿上帝保佑你们 |
| [03:08] | The great Hollywood cameraman Gregg Toland | 伟大的好莱坞摄影师格雷格·托兰德 |
| [03:11] | restaged these scenes months after Pearl Harbor. | 在珍珠港事件几周后 重新排演了场景 |
| [03:14] | The actors are obviously amateurs, | 演员明显都很业余 |
| [03:17] | but they are real sailors. | 但他们都是真正的水手 |
| [03:19] | the attacking planes were the contribution | 攻击机由 |
| [03:21] | of the 20th century-fox special effects department. | 二十世纪福克斯公司特效部所制作 |
| [03:35] | In this outtake, | 在这段花絮中 |
| [03:36] | you can see the wires supporting the model zero. | 甚至能看到支撑模型飞机的索道 |
| [03:43] | Ford organized his field photographic branch | 福特早在战前就组织了摄影师小队 |
| [03:45] | before the war, as part of the O.S.S.. | 作为战略服务局的分部 |
| [03:52] | Toland’s crew set fire to crashed planes, | 托兰德的团队点燃坠毁的飞机 |
| [03:54] | adding drama to his footage. | 为画面添加戏剧感 |
| [03:56] | But his first cut, a feature-length fictional parable | 但他剪辑的第一版 一段寓言式的 |
| [03:59] | about American unpreparedness | 展示美国毫无防备的片段 |
| [04:02] | was judged unreleasable. | 却被禁播 |
| [04:06] | Ford now took a more active hand, | 福特更加积极地筹备影片 |
| [04:08] | cutting December 7th to 34 minutes. | 将影片《12月7日》剪成34分钟长 |
| [04:12] | He retained much of the miniature footage, also made at Fox. | 他保留了在福克斯拍摄的大部分片段 |
| [04:16] | This material, never before seen, | 这段胶片之前从未面世 |
| [04:18] | was shot in color, | 以彩色拍摄 |
| [04:19] | though the film was released in black and white. | 但最后发行的是黑白版本 |
| [04:24] | This is Hollywood’s version of Pearl Harbor’s battleship row, | 这是好莱坞版的珍珠港战舰群 |
| [04:28] | and the Ford-Toland version of the attack on it. | 以及福特和托兰德版的袭击画面 |
| [04:34] | There was authentic footage | 原本有内华达号战舰 |
| [04:35] | of the battleship Nevada trying to escape, | 避难的真实画面 |
| [04:38] | but Ford preferred this reconstruction. | 但福特还是决定重拍 |
| [04:40] | It matched the rest of his fake footage better. | 因为这样和其他仿制画面更搭 |
| [04:45] | Besides, his goal was not strict authenticity. | 况且他的目标并不是去真实报道 |
| [04:48] | He was out to stir the nation. | 而是引起全美关注 |
| [04:50] | There was enough reality in his film | 这部电影的题材 |
| [04:51] | to win an Academy Award for Best Short Subject. | 让他赢得了奥斯卡最佳纪录短片奖 |
| [04:55] | As Toland and Ford worked on their film in spring 1942, | 当1942年春天 托兰德和福特拍摄影片时 |
| [04:59] | America mounted its first aggressive response to Pearl Harbor, | 美国发动了珍珠港后的第一次激烈回击 |
| [05:03] | a Navy task force under Admiral Bull Halsey. | 一支由海军上将博·豪西指挥的舰队 |
| [05:06] | It carried James Doolittle’s flyers | 载着詹姆斯·杜立德的飞机 |
| [05:08] | and 16 B-25s aboard the Hornet. | 和十六架轰炸机登上了黄蜂号航母 |
| [05:12] | Hal Kempe was a photographer’s mate on the newly commissioned ship. | 哈尔·肯普是这艘刚服役航母上一位摄影师助手 |
| [05:16] | I’ve heard many stories. | 我听过很多传闻 |
| [05:18] | Some of them say that we slipped out under the cover of darkness. | 有人说军队趁着夜幕悄悄行动 |
| [05:22] | We went under the Golden Gate Bridge at noon, | 其实我们穿过金门大桥是在中午 |
| [05:25] | and we had the planes lined up from one end of the flight deck to the other, | 甲板上从头到尾摆满了飞机 |
| [05:28] | and it looked like a ferry trip. | 看起来就像一艘渡轮 |
| [05:31] | After we were at sea for about two or three days, | 我们在海上航行了两三天后 |
| [05:35] | they re-spotted the flight deck. | 他们重新排列了甲板上的飞机 |
| [05:37] | They took each B-25– they are tricycle landing gear… | 他们移动了有三角起落架的轰炸机 |
| [05:41] | and placed them with their tails | 让它们的尾部 |
| [05:42] | extending out over the flight deck at the edge. | 伸出甲板两侧 |
| [05:45] | They put one on each port and starboard side | 他们将飞机在左右舷成对排列 |
| [05:48] | until the lead plane had sufficient run for his takeoff. | 直至引航飞机有足够空间起飞 |
| [05:53] | That was one-third the normal takeoff distance. | 这只有正常起飞距离的三分之一 |
| [06:00] | The raiders were spotted by Japanese picketboats. | 突击舰被日本巡逻船发现 |
| [06:03] | They were sunk, but might have radioed a warning. | 敌舰虽被击沉 但可能已发出警告 |
| [06:06] | There was no choice but to launch the attack prematurely. | 于是不得不提前进行攻击 |
| [06:09] | They said, “Army pilots, man your planes. We’re going to launch. “ | 他们说”飞行员 各就各位 准备起飞” |
| [06:14] | So we were launching eight hours too soon. | 所以我们等于提前八小时起飞 |
| [06:18] | Doolittle was first. | 杜立德是第一个 |
| [06:22] | Boom, he went, and the rest of the crews are wondering, | “轰”一声 他起飞了 其他人都在怀疑 |
| [06:25] | “Can it be done?” | 能成功吗 |
| [06:31] | The raiders, all volunteers, | 驾驶突袭机的人 全是志愿者 |
| [06:33] | had practiced short-run takeoffs on land. | 之前在地面练习过短距离起飞 |
| [06:35] | A few had practiced from a carrier deck, | 少部分人在航母上练习过 |
| [06:37] | but never in bad weather. | 但从没有这么恶劣的天气 |
| [06:39] | Yet all were safely launched | 但是所有人都安全起飞 |
| [06:41] | for their 30 seconds over Tokyo. | 执行对东京的闪电轰炸 |
| [06:45] | Halsey’s concern? | 豪西担心什么呢 |
| [06:47] | The early launch made it impossible for the planes | 他担心过早起飞会使飞机 |
| [06:49] | to make safe landings in China, | 无法安全降落在中国 |
| [06:51] | yet all but three fliers survived the raid. | 但除了三架飞机以外 其他都安全回归 |
| [06:54] | It did little damage, except to enemy morale. | 这场轰炸造成的损失虽小 但重创了敌军士气 |
| [06:59] | They carried four 500-pound bombs each, | 每架飞机携带四百四十斤炸弹 |
| [07:03] | and that’s not very much when you really look at it, | 这其实并不算太多 |
| [07:06] | but it was enough to put the fear of God into them for a while. | 但足以对敌人产生震慑 |
| [07:13] | The Doolittle raid provoked a huge Japanese counterattack | 杜立德的突袭引起了日军的大规模反击 |
| [07:16] | aimed at destroying the U. S. Pacific Fleet, | 旨在摧毁美军太平洋舰队 |
| [07:19] | but we had broken their code | 但我们事先破译了密码 |
| [07:21] | and knew they would be attacking Midway Island. | 知晓他们将攻击中途岛 |
| [07:24] | This evened the odds for the Hornet | 这令黄蜂号和其他两艘航母 |
| [07:26] | and two other carriers | 胜率大增 |
| [07:27] | as they approached the war’s first great naval battle. | 他们即将进行二战的第一次伟大海战 |
| [07:32] | Midway was a pair of tiny coral atolls | 中途岛这个极小的珊瑚岛 |
| [07:34] | vital to the defense of Hawaii. | 对夏威夷的防御至关重要 |
| [07:37] | This time, John Ford was present with a film crew. | 这一次 约翰·福特率领摄影团队前来 |
| [07:41] | Ford himself operated one of the cameras | 福特本人就操作一台摄像机 |
| [07:44] | and was wounded getting these pictures. | 并在拍摄此段画面时负伤 |
| [07:46] | He would win another Oscar for the film he fashioned from them. | 他利用这些素材 再次赢得了一座奥斯卡 |
| [07:49] | The crucial part of the battle was at sea, | 海战在这场战争中至关重要 |
| [07:52] | between ships that never saw one another. | 双方军舰根本看不到对方 |
| [07:55] | They didn’t know exactly where the Japanese fleet was, | 他们不知道日本军舰在哪里 |
| [07:58] | but the Torpedo Squadron of ours, their skipper had an idea | 但鱼雷攻击队的队长认为 |
| [08:01] | that it was off in a certain direction, | 日本人在某个方向 |
| [08:03] | and he went off there. | 于是他飞向了那个方向 |
| [08:05] | He ran into the whole bunch of them. | 结果遭遇了一大群日本舰队 |
| [08:08] | And they lost… | 他们损失了 |
| [08:09] | fifteen or sixteen torpedo planes went down. | 十五到十六架鱼雷攻击机 |
| [08:12] | These are the men of Torpedo Squadron 8, | 这些是鱼雷攻击第八中队的成员 |
| [08:15] | Who found the Japanese carriers. | 他们发现了日军航母 |
| [08:17] | they scored no hits, but along with other torpedo planes, | 虽没有击沉一艘 但在其他鱼雷机的帮助下 |
| [08:20] | they distracted enemy gunners, | 他们吸引了敌军火力 |
| [08:21] | allowing our dive-bombers to sink four carriers. | 让我们的俯冲轰炸机得以击沉四艘航母 |
| [08:24] | Only one man, George Gay, on the right, survived. | 只有片中右边的乔治·盖 得以幸存 |
| [08:30] | One of Ford’s crew shot these pictures. | 福特团队中的一人拍下了这些画面 |
| [08:33] | The director made them into a short memorial film, | 导演将它们剪成一部纪念短片 |
| [08:35] | which he sent to the Squadron ‘s next of kin. | 送给了鱼雷机中队的家属 |
| [08:40] | Midway shifted the balance of naval power in the Pacific. | 中途岛战役让太平洋的实力对比发生倾斜 |
| [08:44] | It cost the Japanese almost half their carriers. | 令日军损失了几乎一半航母 |
| [08:46] | Still, their wounded Navy | 但是 他们受创的海军 |
| [08:48] | continued to pose a deadly threat. | 依然不断造成致命威胁 |
| [08:52] | October 1942. | 1942年10月 |
| [08:54] | The Hornet steams toward the battle of Santa Cruz | 黄蜂号驶向瓜达康纳尔岛附近的 |
| [08:57] | near Guadalcanal. | 圣塔克鲁兹岛 |
| [08:59] | With her sister ship, the Enterprise, | 同行的还有姊妹舰企业号 |
| [09:01] | she was soon fighting off massive assaults from the air. | 很快它遭受了空中的猛烈打击 |
| [09:05] | Just how close the combat often was | 战斗到底有多激烈 |
| [09:07] | is demonstrated by this sequence, | 这段在企业号上拍的片段中 |
| [09:09] | shot from the Enterprise. | 有所体现 |
| [09:26] | A near miss shakes the Enterprise. | 近在咫尺的炸弹动摇了企业号 |
| [09:32] | An enemy shadow is cast on the flight deck as the ship fights on. | 敌机的阴影投射在甲板上 军舰不断还击 |
| [09:40] | The camera catches the wild swing of the huge ship | 摄像头记录下了巨大舰艇 |
| [09:43] | as it takes evasive action. | 躲避攻击时的疯狂摇摆 |
| [09:49] | But still the bombs rain down. | 但炸弹依然如雨而下 |
| [09:58] | The camera survived this hit, but not the cameraman. | 摄像机幸存 摄像师却没有 |
| [10:03] | The Hornet did not survive either. | 黄蜂号也没有幸免 |
| [10:05] | We were listing to the starboard. | 船身倾向了右舷 |
| [10:08] | Real heavy list. | 倾斜得非常厉害 |
| [10:10] | I went to the fantail to help with the wounded, | 我去船的扇尾区帮助伤员 |
| [10:13] | where I stayed the rest of the day until we abandoned ship. | 我在那儿待了一整天 直到我们弃船 |
| [10:17] | And I swam out on the quarter, about 45 degrees out this way, | 我从船尾游出 大概这个方向45度 |
| [10:21] | and got out so far, and here come the destroyers. | 游到这里时 来了一艘驱逐舰 |
| [10:25] | I figured, “This is going to be a piece of cake. | 我想 这一定很简单 |
| [10:28] | Pick us up quick. “ | 我们很快会得救 |
| [10:29] | Then they backed down and took off. | 但他们突然放弃救援 驶离我们 |
| [10:32] | The destroyers start circling way out around the ship | 驱逐舰沿着航母打圈 |
| [10:34] | and start firing, and I figured, “What are they firing at?” | 并开始开火 我想 他们在打什么 |
| [10:38] | We started looking in the sky, and coming in on this line… | 我们抬头仰望空中 发现从我们 |
| [10:41] | we had gone out on the fantail… | 逃出扇尾区的方向 |
| [10:43] | was a “V” formation of twin-engine bombers coming in, | 有一支V字形双引擎轰炸机编队飞来 |
| [10:46] | and you could see the five-inch | 你能看到驱逐舰发射的 |
| [10:48] | antiaircraft bursts up there by it. | 5英寸防空炮弹在空中爆炸 |
| [10:51] | And they came and… shoop! | 敌机呼啸而过 |
| [10:53] | Went right over the head, and one hit the fantail back here, | 掠过头顶 一枚炸弹击中了船尾 |
| [10:56] | and the rest was in a pattern around the stern of the ship. | 其他在船尾附近爆炸 |
| [11:00] | And they continued on and never came back. | 然后他们飞走 再也没回来 |
| [11:02] | I got picked up right after that | 袭击后 我很快被 |
| [11:05] | by the 411 Anderson. | 安德森号驱逐舰救起 |
| [11:07] | That final bombing run was the coup de grace. | 最后的那枚炸弹是致命一击 |
| [11:12] | The next day, the Hornet’s short, brave life was ended | 第二天 黄蜂号短暂而勇敢的一生结束了 |
| [11:15] | when American destroyers sank her. | 一艘美国驱逐舰销毁了它 |
| [11:17] | Our ship had been in commission for one year and six days. | 我们的船共服役一年零六天 |
| [11:21] | But the carrier war in the Pacific never ceased. | 但太平洋的航母之战一直没有结束 |
| [11:25] | We didn’t have motors on the Mitchells, | 我们在米切尔号上没有电动机 |
| [11:28] | but you had to hand-crank. | 所以只能手摇摄像 |
| [11:29] | So when we did flight deck operations, | 当拍摄甲板飞机起落时 |
| [11:32] | we did not hand-crank at three turns per second | 我们没有使用一秒摇三圈的 |
| [11:35] | on the small crank. | 小转柄 |
| [11:36] | We used the big crank, | 我们使用了大转柄 |
| [11:38] | and we would start going up to high speed, | 我们摇得非常快 |
| [11:41] | because we’d want slow motion of the crash. | 因为我们需要坠机慢镜头 |
| [11:45] | The pilot coming in for landing… | 试图降落的飞行员 |
| [11:46] | If you see the photographer on the flight deck | 如果你看见摄影师在甲板上 |
| [11:49] | start with that big crank, look out, | 开始摇着大曲柄 那就要小心了 |
| [11:51] | you bought the farm. | 飞机要来了 |
| [12:27] | The footage Kempe and his colleagues took on the flight decks | 肯普和同僚在甲板上拍下的画面 |
| [12:30] | forms an eerie ballet of destruction | 就如一支可怕的毁灭之舞 |
| [12:33] | and of unlikely survival. | 生还率极低 |
| [12:38] | By late 1942, | 在1942年后期 |
| [12:40] | we were officially training combat cameramen. | 我们开始正式训练战地摄影师 |
| [12:43] | Standard army issue was the 35-millimeter eyemo for movies | 军方的标准化装备是三十五毫米便携摄影机 |
| [12:46] | and the 4×5 speed graphic for stills. | 和四乘五底片相机 |
| [12:50] | Many of the cameramen had been photographers in civilian life. | 许多摄影师之前就是业内人士 |
| [12:54] | Hal Roach’s Culver City Studio | 豪尔·罗奇考沃城摄影棚 |
| [12:56] | was a major production and training center. | 是一个主要的制作和训练中心 |
| [13:00] | Naturally, the students took pictures of themselves | 很自然地 学生们拍下了自己 |
| [13:02] | taking pictures. | 拍照的画面 |
| [13:04] | Eventually about 1,500 men, | 最终约有一千五百人 |
| [13:06] | not a lot for a war this huge, | 将成为战地摄影师 |
| [13:08] | would become motion-picture combat cameramen. | 尽管与战争规模比微不足道 |
| [13:11] | Many served in the air force. | 许多在空军服役 |
| [13:14] | On the endless strategic bombing raids over Europe, | 在长时间对欧洲的战略轰炸中 |
| [13:16] | they worked as Bomb Spotters, | 他们的任务是观察着弹点 |
| [13:18] | recording damage for intelligence analysts. | 提供地面受损纪录以供情报分析 |
| [13:23] | The oil fields at Ploesti in Rumania | 罗马尼亚的普洛耶什蒂油田 |
| [13:25] | were vital to the German war effort | 对德军有很重要的战略意义 |
| [13:27] | and among the most bombed targets of the war. | 也是被轰炸最多的区域 |
| [13:30] | On August 1, 1943, | 在1943年8月1日 |
| [13:32] | these B-24s based in Libya | 在利比亚驻扎的B-24轰炸机 |
| [13:35] | mounted the first major attack on them | 从一百五十米超低空发动了 |
| [13:37] | at a daring 500 feet. | 第一次主要袭击 |
| [13:39] | Then, as later, results were poor. | 稍后 效果不佳 |
| [13:42] | Ploesti was never knocked out. | 普洛耶什蒂没有被端掉 |
| [13:45] | Doug Morrell flew later higher-altitude missions over Ploesti. | 道格·莫雷尔之后又从高空飞过普洛耶什蒂 |
| [13:49] | This mission could be 10 hours long, | 整个任务可能有十小时长 |
| [13:51] | but the combat part is only about 10 minutes. | 但真正的战斗时间只有十分钟 |
| [13:53] | Ten minutes is a long time. Try holding your breath. | 漫长的十分钟 紧张异常 |
| [13:57] | The eyemo had a hand-crank wind on it, | 便携摄影机有一个手摇发条柄 |
| [14:00] | and it seemed like always when the most important thing happened, | 似乎每次 在激烈战事发生时 |
| [14:03] | you’re winding that thing, trying to get it going. | 你总在上发条 试图让摄影机工作 |
| [14:06] | I hated to reload up at 20,000 feet. | 我讨厌在六千米的高空上发条 |
| [14:09] | Reloading up there, your fingers get a little cold. | 在那种高度操作 你的手指会很冷 |
| [14:13] | When you come into the target, | 但你进入目标区域时 |
| [14:15] | they put up so much flak | 敌军的高射炮火非常密集 |
| [14:17] | that the enemy fighters won’t come in there. | 以至于他们自己的飞机都不敢接近 |
| [14:19] | They’ll get hit. | 他们害怕被击中 |
| [14:21] | Bomb spotting is when the bombs release. | 着弹点观察就是当炸弹投下后 |
| [14:23] | Then you follow them and pick up their hits. | 你进行跟拍并照下爆炸点 |
| [14:27] | When you get those hits down there, the intelligence can use those. | 这些爆炸点的信息 对情报机构很有用 |
| [14:34] | We were bombing Ploesti, and flak hit us. | 我们在轰炸普洛耶什蒂时 高射炮击中了我们 |
| [14:37] | We had to drop out of formation. | 我们只得脱离编队 |
| [14:40] | And then six ME-109s jumped us when we got out of formation. | 离开编队后 六架梅塞战机包围了我们 |
| [14:44] | We were quite a ways away, all by ourselves. | 我们离友军很远 孤立无援 |
| [14:47] | They raked us back and forth and set us on fire. | 他们来回扫射我们 导致飞机起火 |
| [14:50] | I opened the bomb bay door. | 我打开投弹门 |
| [14:52] | I was going to jump out there instead of out the back end. | 我准备从那里跳下去 而不是机尾 |
| [14:55] | Here’s this fire coming. I says, “Oh.” | 机舱内起了火 我想”真糟糕” |
| [14:57] | I grabbed a little fire extinguisher, about that long. | 我拿了一支小灭火器 就这么长 |
| [15:02] | I’m starting to pump that. I says, “I better leave. “ | 我开始灭火 心想”我最好赶紧跑” |
| [15:04] | I went out the back end. | 我跑向机尾 |
| [15:06] | Just as I left out of there, it blew. | 我刚一跳出机尾 飞机就爆炸了 |
| [15:09] | We averaged about five out of an airplane. | 飞机里逃出了五人 |
| [15:11] | When I bailed out, I was the last one out, | 当我跳下时 我是最后一个幸存的 |
| [15:13] | and then the other five got killed in there. | 剩下的五个人死在了机舱中 |
| [15:16] | Another cameraman who survived the often catastrophic air war | 另一位在惨烈空战中幸存的摄影师 |
| [15:20] | was Dan McGovern. | 是丹·麦戈文 |
| [15:21] | You were so busy, you weren’t thinking about a battle. | 你太忙了 根本无暇去想什么战争 |
| [15:25] | You were thinking about helping others and shooting. | 只想着帮助其他人和射击 |
| [15:28] | In the meantime, | 同时 |
| [15:30] | you couldn’t become a spectator. | 你根本没时间去拍照 |
| [15:32] | You had to shoot. | 你必须射击 |
| [15:34] | If you’re flying in a bomber, | 当你在轰炸机上时 |
| [15:35] | there’s 10 crew members in a bomber. | 每架轰炸机有十名成员 |
| [15:38] | You’re the 11th man. | 你就是多余的那个人 |
| [15:40] | So then we had to prove ourselves. | 所以我们必须证明自己有用 |
| [15:44] | As a matter of fact… | 事实上 |
| [15:46] | This is a true story, so help me God. | 这是真事 愿上帝保佑 |
| [15:49] | I photographed my own crash landing. | 我拍下了自己的迫降画面 |
| [15:53] | The two engines on the right side, out. | 右侧的两个引擎 坏了 |
| [15:56] | The third engine on the left side, out. One engine. | 左侧的第三个也坏了 只剩下一个引擎 |
| [16:00] | So I cut to the right, cut to the left, | 我拍了拍右边 拍了拍左边 |
| [16:03] | look over the top, | 拍了拍上面 |
| [16:05] | and the airplane’s coming in for a crash landing. | 然后飞机开始迫降 |
| [16:14] | You don’t think about it. | 你当时不会想太多 |
| [16:16] | You’re so excited, you’re not scared, | 你太兴奋了 感觉不到恐惧 |
| [16:20] | but you’re scared after when you come back. | 但回来后 你会后怕 |
| [16:23] | you’re just shaking. | 止不住的颤抖 |
| [16:24] | we dropped over two million tons of bombs on Europe, | 我们在欧洲投下了两千万吨炸弹 |
| [16:27] | but never matched the results promised by air power advocates. | 但没有想象中对敌人打击大 |
| [16:30] | This war, like all wars, | 这场战争 如其他战争一样 |
| [16:32] | would be won on the ground, | 必须在陆上一决雌雄 |
| [16:33] | as Norman Hatch learned | 正如诺曼·哈奇 |
| [16:35] | When he made the Tarawa landing in 1943. | 1943年到达塔拉瓦岛所学到的一样 |
| [16:38] | I was with Jim Crow, who was a battalion commander. | 我和军队指挥官吉姆·克罗在一起 |
| [16:42] | He wasn’t happy with having me there | 他不大欢迎我 |
| [16:43] | because, as he had told me earlier, | 因为早些时候他告诉过我 |
| [16:45] | He didn’t want any Hollywood Marines with him. | 他不想让好莱坞的样子货跟着他 |
| [16:48] | I testified to him that I was a regular Marine, | 我向他保证我是合格的海陆队员 |
| [16:51] | I shot expert. | 我能射击 |
| [16:52] | If I needed a rifle, I could do something with it. | 如果需要 我会毫不犹豫地拿起步枪 |
| [16:55] | He said, “Come with me, but don’t get in my way. “ | 他说 “跟我来吧 但别碍事” |
| [16:58] | I was sitting alongside of him, shooting what was going on, | 我跟他坐在一起 开始拍摄现场画面 |
| [17:03] | and he observed that his amtracs, | 他发现水陆两栖战车 |
| [17:05] | which were the first three waves, | 也就是前三波进攻编队 |
| [17:07] | were not maintaining their course. | 并没有按计划路程前进 |
| [17:10] | And because there was a .50-Caliber | 因为一架埋在沙土中的 |
| [17:12] | buried in the sand that was shooting at them, | 五十毫米机关枪正朝他们射击 |
| [17:14] | they kept edging over to the right, | 他们被打得不断往右偏 |
| [17:17] | and Crow could see his front disappearing | 克罗发现他所派遣的 |
| [17:19] | because of this maneuver. | 前线消失了 |
| [17:21] | So he told the coxswain to put the boat in now. | 所以他让舵手立刻停船 |
| [17:24] | We ran up on the reef. The ramp wouldn’t go down. | 我们跑上暗礁 然而暗礁太高 |
| [17:27] | All of us had to go over the side, | 我们只能绕道走 |
| [17:29] | which is difficult to do with 80 pounds of gear on your shoulder. | 背着七十斤负重走这段路很艰难 |
| [17:35] | We got to the beach, and we were exhausted | 上海滩后 我们筋疲力尽 |
| [17:36] | because you can ‘t walk through water | 因为在水中行走 |
| [17:40] | without having a lot of resistance, | 阻力很大 |
| [17:42] | and loaded down with gear and everything else, | 还背了一堆各种装备 |
| [17:45] | it drained you completely. | 让人精疲力尽 |
| [17:46] | It took us a couple of minutes on the beach to get oriented. | 我们花了一段时间才在沙滩上回过神来 |
| [17:51] | Hatch was pinned down with the rest of the invaders. | 哈奇和其他人全被火力压制在了原地 |
| [17:54] | There was nothing to do but shoot. | 除了射击别无可做 |
| [17:57] | Combat footage with a previously unknown ferocity. | 战斗影像前所未有的残忍 |
| [18:03] | The emplacements that were there by the Japanese were fantastic. | 日本人布置的掩体炮台非常完美 |
| [18:07] | They built a concrete bunker and covered it with sand. | 他们盖了座水泥掩体 然后掩盖上沙子 |
| [18:10] | Then they covered it with logs. | 再布上一层原木 |
| [18:11] | Then they covered that with sand. | 然后再覆盖一层沙子 |
| [18:13] | They were pretty impregnable. | 非常坚固 |
| [18:17] | The Pacific War favored the cameramen. | 太平洋战争对摄影师很有利 |
| [18:19] | Spaces were confined, | 阵地不大 |
| [18:21] | The action within them tightly focused. | 战况激烈 |
| [18:24] | The brutal reality of war revealed itself here | 战争的残酷性在这里展露无遗 |
| [18:26] | as it rarely did elsewhere. | 而别的战争鲜少有战地实录 |
| [18:35] | Hatch caught the Marines and their enemy in combat | 哈奇拍下了海军陆战士兵 |
| [18:38] | in the same shot. | 和敌人的遭遇战 |
| [18:40] | That was luck. | 纯粹是运气好 |
| [18:41] | I was on top of this enclosure, | 我在一处掩体上面 |
| [18:42] | and somebody said, “here they come. “ | 有人喊道”他们来了” |
| [18:43] | I turned, and there it was, and I just kept on shooting. | 我回头 果然如此 于是我就拍了下来 |
| [18:47] | Had the Japanese mounted a coordinated | 如果日军第一天的反击 |
| [18:49] | counterattack on that first day, | 能更加协调些 |
| [18:52] | they might have driven the Marines back into the sea. | 他们也许能把海军陆战队赶回海上 |
| [19:09] | But the fighting remain as Hatch’s film showing, | 但抵抗与哈奇拍摄的影片中一样 |
| [19:12] | ferocious yet disorganized. | 凶猛 但无组织 |
| [19:15] | Most of the Japanese fought to the death. | 大部分日本士兵顽抗至死 |
| [19:18] | The Marines took only 17 prisoners. | 陆战队只活捉了十七名俘虏 |
| [19:21] | The seas continued to run against reinforcements. | 海流不断地阻碍着援军增援 |
| [19:24] | Among them was another cameraman, John Ercole. | 援军也有一位摄影师 约翰·厄科尔 |
| [19:27] | From my boat we didn’t even know what was going on. | 在船上 我们不知道发生了什么 |
| [19:30] | We were going nowhere. | 我们在原地打转 |
| [19:31] | The propeller and the tide didn’t come together. | 船推进器和潮汐的方向不同 |
| [19:37] | I was shooting whatever I could at the time, | 我当时拍下了任何能拍的东西 |
| [19:39] | faces of people in my own boat and things like that. | 船中战友的脸等等 |
| [19:42] | Nineteen hours later, | 十九小时后 |
| [19:44] | we finally made a landing. | 我们终于登陆 |
| [19:50] | What Ercole found to shoot | 厄科尔能拍摄到的 |
| [19:52] | was mostly the dead and wounded. | 大多是死者和伤者 |
| [19:54] | At first their evacuation was poorly handled. | 一开始伤亡人员撤离非常混乱 |
| [19:57] | Hatch credits a movie actor with getting things organized. | 哈奇说全靠一名电影演员协调了现场 |
| [20:02] | Eddie Albert was there. | 埃迪·艾伯特在那里 |
| [20:03] | He was a Navy J.G. at the time, | 他是当时是一位海军少尉 |
| [20:06] | and he was a boat director. | 也是一名登陆舰指挥员 |
| [20:08] | And he discovered early on in the game | 他一早就发现 |
| [20:10] | that there wasn’t too much coordination on getting wounded out, | 伤员撤离比较无序 |
| [20:13] | so he got on the beach himself, | 所以他自己跑上海滩 |
| [20:15] | and he stayed there during the worst part of the fighting | 即使战况最激烈时也没有离开 |
| [20:18] | and directed the Navy boats bringing supplies in | 指挥着两栖船舰运来补给 |
| [20:21] | to carry wounded back out to the ships. | 运走伤员 |
| [20:24] | As the battle moved inland, | 随着战斗向岛内推移 |
| [20:26] | the futility of the preinvasion naval bombardment was obvious. | 人们发现之前的船舰炮击毫无用处 |
| [20:31] | Their pounding didn’t do too much good. | 他们的炮击一点用也没有 |
| [20:34] | They were using armor-piercing shells, | 他们使用了穿甲弹 |
| [20:36] | and there wasn’t any armor to pierce. | 可是岛上根本没有装甲 |
| [20:37] | They were hitting sand and bouncing off | 炮弹击中沙土 被弹开 |
| [20:39] | and skittering all over the island. | 布满了岛屿 |
| [20:42] | You’d see 16-inch shells laying all over the place. | 你能看见遍地的十六英寸炮弹 |
| [20:45] | Nothing had ever happened with them. | 全部没有引爆 |
| [20:51] | What grabbed me and took hold of me | 让我真正难以忘却的是 |
| [20:52] | was the bodies, the dead bodies, | 尸体 死尸 |
| [20:56] | God knows how many Marines, | 天知道死了多少海陆队员 |
| [20:58] | face down, floating in shallow water. | 头朝下 在浅水中随波逐流 |
| [21:01] | That was the first time that I had really seen dead bodies. | 那是我第一次看到真正的尸体 |
| [21:06] | When you see bodies floating in the water, | 当你看到尸体漂浮在水中 |
| [21:09] | it really grabs you. | 真的令人窒息 |
| [21:11] | And they all seemed to look like a buddy of mine, | 我觉得他们每个人都像我的一个朋友 |
| [21:13] | Norman Hatch. | 诺曼·哈奇 |
| [21:16] | This was a piece of ground | 那片地方 |
| [21:18] | that wasn’t as big as Central Park in New York, | 也就纽约中央公园那么大 |
| [21:21] | and in the course of that 72 hours, | 而在七十二小时中 |
| [21:24] | six thousand people died. | 六千人死在那里 |
| [21:27] | Five thousand of those were Japanese. | 其中五千是日军 |
| [21:29] | One thousand were Marines. | 一千是海陆队员 |
| [21:31] | Then there were another 2,000 wounded. | 还有两千人受伤 |
| [21:35] | Passing a disabled tank, Hatch heard this kitten’s cry. | 经过一辆瘫痪的坦克时 哈奇听到了猫叫 |
| [21:39] | At first he thought it might be a wounded enemy, | 他本以为是受伤的敌军 |
| [21:42] | but it was just another war victim. | 结果发现是另一位战争受害者 |
| [21:45] | He thought he might make a pet of it, | 他本来想收它做宠物 |
| [21:47] | but after getting his drink, the kitten scampered away, | 但喝完它要的水后 猫咪就跑了 |
| [21:49] | never to be seen again. | 再也没人见过 |
| [21:54] | The quality of his Tarawa film | 塔拉瓦岛影片的高质量 |
| [21:56] | earned Hatch a trip home, | 让哈奇得到了回家的机会 |
| [21:57] | where this footage of him | 他的胶片在那里 |
| [21:58] | was made for an Army-Navy short subject. | 被制成陆军和海军的短片 |
| [22:03] | We drove down Market Street, | 我们从市场街开过 |
| [22:05] | and every major theater had my name on the Marquee | 每个大剧院宣传栏上都打着我的名字 |
| [22:09] | as taking the Tarawa film, and they were running it. | 写着我是影片的摄影师 |
| [22:14] | That’s the best frame of combat film I’ve ever seen. | 这是我见过最好的战斗画面 |
| [22:17] | That’s okay. | 还好吧 |
| [22:18] | When an Army man says that to a Marine, he means it. | 能让我们陆军说这话 证明确实是好 |
| [22:21] | It was just luck. | 走运罢了 |
| [22:23] | A movie cameraman, | 一名摄影师 |
| [22:25] | a stills man, and a driver. | 一名照相师和一名司机 |
| [22:29] | That’s how the signal corps organized | 这就是欧洲战地摄影的 |
| [22:31] | its combat photographers in Europe. | 组队方式 |
| [22:33] | The cameras we were using | 我们当时用的摄像机是一种 |
| [22:35] | were eyemo, called a “Bomb Spotter” camera. | 被称作炸弹侦察者的便携式摄像机 |
| [22:39] | It had a big crank on the side. | 它的一侧有个很大的手柄 |
| [22:41] | You wound it up, and they only had one 2-inch lens. | 用它上好发条 摄像机只有两英寸的镜头 |
| [22:45] | And if you can believe the running you have to do | 你必须自己前后跑动 |
| [22:49] | to get your long shot, medium shot and close-up | 利用这个镜头完成远景 |
| [22:51] | with a two-inch lens, | 中景和特写 |
| [22:53] | it was really criminal that they sent us with that kind of stuff. | 用这种镜头拍摄简直就是遭罪 |
| [23:01] | Yet remarkable things could be done with that equipment. | 即使器材不好 仍有非凡的作品问世 |
| [23:04] | John Huston, one of several Hollywood directors | 约翰·休斯顿是其中一位 |
| [23:06] | who followed John Ford to war, | 跟随约翰·福特来战场的好莱坞导演 |
| [23:08] | used it to make what critic James Agee thought | 用此设备拍出了批评家詹姆斯·艾吉 |
| [23:11] | the best of all war documentaries. | 所谓的”最好的纪录片” |
| [23:13] | Huston would write and speak | 休斯顿会给影片配上 |
| [23:15] | the strikingly ironic narration. | 具有明显讽刺意味的旁白 |
| [23:18] | Patron, St. Peter. | 守护神圣彼得 |
| [23:21] | Point of interest, St. Peter’s, 1438. | 圣彼得大教堂 建于1438年 |
| [23:25] | Note interesting treatment of chancel. | 奇怪 圣坛怎会经受如此遭遇 |
| [23:29] | Huston, however, would find real war | 休斯顿发觉真实的战场 |
| [23:31] | more difficult to direct than the Hollywood kind. | 比好莱坞战争片要难拍得多 |
| [23:37] | From the end of October 1943 | 自1943年10月底 |
| [23:39] | until the middle of December, | 到12月中旬 |
| [23:41] | San Pietro was the scene of some of the bitterest fighting | 圣彼得周围地区都是我们第五军前线 |
| [23:44] | on our 5th Army front. | 最激烈的战斗地点 |
| [23:46] | The entire campaign had entered second base | 整场战役已进入了第二阶段 |
| [23:49] | to push forward again after a static period | 要克服季节性大雨引起的 |
| [23:52] | brought on by heavy seasonal rain. | 停滞不前 |
| [23:56] | Huston came over, and he had a mission. | 休斯顿带着任务来到这里 |
| [24:00] | That was to make a coherent narrative | 他需要跟踪报道 |
| [24:02] | of one small battle that would represent the entire war. | 一场能够代表整场大战的小战役 |
| [24:07] | He went forward and realized that you have no control. | 他到战场后 发现一切都不在控制之中 |
| [24:09] | You shoot what you can get. | 拍到什么你无法控制 |
| [24:11] | You come up, you can fire three rounds and drop. | 你可以拍满三卷胶卷 |
| [24:15] | But you can’t get 10 feet of film in the same way. | 却无法得到十英寸的可用影像 |
| [24:20] | But if you had control, you can do a lot with an eyemo. | 但如果场景能导演 就能拍出好东西 |
| [24:25] | So he came back. They gave him two battalions | 所以他回来 部队将第三十六师 |
| [24:27] | out of the 36th Division who were on rest | 休息中的两个营派给他 |
| [24:30] | and said, “here it is, “ | 告诉他”这是你的了” |
| [24:31] | and he went ahead and staged that whole thing. | 于是他导演了整个战斗场景 |
| [24:34] | He used film that we had shot. | 他利用我们拍到的 |
| [24:38] | actual battle film. | 真实战斗片段 |
| [24:40] | And he intercut it with what he had. | 与他自己的片段混合 |
| [24:42] | His stuff was much better than ours. | 他拍摄的画面比我们好得多 |
| [24:45] | Ed Montagne has a veteran’s genial tolerance | 艾德·蒙塔涅作为前辈 对休斯顿的把戏 |
| [24:48] | of Huston’s tricks. | 持宽容态度 |
| [24:49] | He used the most picturesque munitions. | 他利用了最生动的爆炸场景 |
| [24:52] | He slammed the camera with his hand to simulate explosions. | 他拍打相机来模拟爆炸的震动 |
| [24:55] | He even posed American G.I.s as dead Germans. | 他甚至让美国大兵冒充死了的德国士兵 |
| [24:59] | But he scared the poor 36th. That was a nervous outfit. | 他吓坏了可怜的三十六师 他们神经紧张 |
| [25:03] | He’d have them going up a hill, | 他让士兵们爬上一座山坡 |
| [25:05] | and he’d throw a grenade down the hill | 接着往山下丢了一个手榴弹 |
| [25:08] | and yell, “Grenade!” and, Christ, they’d dive. | 大喊”手榴弹” 然后士兵纷纷扑倒 |
| [25:10] | Some of the stuff he got was great. | 他拍的一些东西的确很棒 |
| [25:13] | I admire him for what he did, but I resented the fact | 我敬佩他的作为 但也不满 |
| [25:16] | that I would get critiques from New York, | 他的行为会让我受到纽约的批评 |
| [25:19] | “Huston’s men are able to do this. Why can’t yours?” | “休斯顿能拍到 你为何不能” |
| [25:24] | I had the same people. | 我有着和他一样的人手 |
| [25:27] | Didn’t speak well of me, did it? | 确实找不到借口 对吧 |
| [25:31] | Some of Huston’s most moving footage | 休斯顿拍摄的一些最感人的镜头 |
| [25:34] | was of people picking up the pieces, | 就是圣彼得小镇里 |
| [25:36] | of life reasserting itself | 人们收拾战争的残骸 |
| [25:38] | in the little town of San Pietro. | 并重新投入生活之中 |
| [25:45] | And the people pray to their Patron Saint to intercede with God | 他们向守护神祈祷 |
| [25:49] | on behalf of those who came deliberately | 盼他能向上帝求情 |
| [25:53] | and passed on to the north | 保佑那些解放了他们后 |
| [25:55] | with the passing battle. | 奔向北方的士兵 |
| [26:01] | By 1944, the combat photographers were everywhere, | 到1944年 战地摄影师无处不在 |
| [26:05] | even the China-Burma-India theater. | 甚至是在对于美国人民来说 |
| [26:07] | to most Americans, that was the war’s most obscure corner. | 战争中最不起眼的中缅印战区 |
| [26:11] | Hidden behind high mountains and deep jungles, | 他们藏于高山和深林之中 |
| [26:14] | it was both a political and logistical nightmare. | 这是政治和后勤共同的噩梦 |
| [26:18] | One air supply route was called “The Aluminum Trail, “ | 一条航线被称为”死亡通道” |
| [26:21] | After all the planes downed flying it. | 因为很多飞机在这里坠毁 |
| [26:24] | When Generals Joseph Stilwell and Frank Merrill | 当约瑟夫·史迪威和弗兰克·美林将军 |
| [26:27] | met to plan a mission against the | 会见并计划夺取 |
| [26:28] | key Japanese airfield at Myitkyina, | 密支那的日本重要机场时 |
| [26:31] | Photographer Dave Quaid was there. | 摄影师戴夫·奎德也在场 |
| [26:34] | When General Stilwell flew off in his little plane, | 当史迪威将军开着他的飞机离开时 |
| [26:37] | I went up to Merrill | 我正要前往梅里尔 |
| [26:39] | and I said, “Hey, General, | 于是我说”嗨 将军 |
| [26:42] | you mind if I join you guys?” | 能让我和你们一起去吗” |
| [26:45] | He said, “Come on along.” | 他说”那就来吧” |
| [26:47] | Technically, Quaid was AWOL | 严格说 奎德在加入加拉哈特行动时 |
| [26:49] | when he joined operation Galahad. | 有些玩忽职守 |
| [26:51] | He had no idea what he was getting into. | 他完全不知道自己将经历何事 |
| [26:55] | Now we’re on this trail that is basically impassable, | 我们走的路径难于上青天 |
| [26:59] | and we had to cut steps so even the mules… | 我们不得不凿出踏脚处 以便骡子 |
| [27:03] | The mules that can do anything, handle any terrain, | 无所不能的骡子 能应付任何地形的骡子 |
| [27:06] | could not handle this trail. | 都没有办法应付这条路径 |
| [27:08] | We ourselves carried so much equipment… | 我们自己背着沉重的器材 |
| [27:11] | five days’ kration and ammunition | 大约五日的粮食和一些军火 |
| [27:14] | and rifles and, ah… | 来福枪 以及一些东西 |
| [27:16] | And I carried a 13-pound camera and 2,400 foot of film. | 我背着12斤的镜头和2400英寸胶卷 |
| [27:24] | It got so rugged | 道路实在是太崎岖了 |
| [27:26] | that the mules could not make it, | 骡子都前行不了 |
| [27:30] | and finally what they had to do | 最后士兵们不得不 |
| [27:32] | was take the loads and the saddles off the mules. | 卸下骡子身上的负荷和鞍 |
| [27:40] | They would get a G.I., | 他们让一个士兵站着 |
| [27:41] | and a bunch of guys would lift this 96-pound saddle | 另一些人举起八十八斤重的鞍 |
| [27:45] | and put it on his back, | 放到这个士兵身上 |
| [27:47] | and then he would have to climb the steps. | 由他背着登上台阶 |
| [27:51] | And then when we got to a more level area, | 等到达较为平坦的地方 |
| [27:54] | we would load up the mules again. | 再把鞍装到骡子身上 |
| [27:57] | Quaid tired of repeating the same front and back angles. | 奎德厌倦了从前后的同样角度反复拍摄 |
| [28:01] | He found a precarious perch in a tree to get this side shot. | 他找到一块不稳定的栖木 在上面侧拍 |
| [28:05] | The drop is 300 feet. | 高差有九十米 |
| [28:07] | so I was young then, | 我那时年轻力壮 |
| [28:09] | and I jumped down and I made the shot. | 于是就跳到树上进行拍摄 |
| [28:12] | On the way to Myitkyina, | 在去密支那的路上 |
| [28:14] | Merrill’s marauders twice encountered Japanese patrols. | 美林的士兵两次遭遇日本巡逻兵 |
| [28:26] | Here you can see an enemy bullet cutting through the brush. | 这里你能看见敌人的子弹穿过丛林 |
| [28:38] | During the skirmish, Quaid stepped into the open | 在小规模战斗中 奎德离开掩护物 |
| [28:40] | to get this shot of a fallen foe | 去拍摄一个落单的敌人 |
| [28:42] | and the American who killed him. | 以及杀死他的美国士兵 |
| [28:44] | Probably the dumbest shot I’ve ever made in my life. | 这也许是我这辈子做过最蠢的事 |
| [28:46] | Because the Japanese were so stunned, they didn’t fire. | 那个日本兵吓坏了 才忘记了开枪 |
| [28:51] | They didn’t believe their eyes. | 他们不敢相信自己的眼睛 |
| [28:52] | This wilderness trek took six days. | 他们在荒野中跋涉了六天 |
| [28:57] | The method of handling malaria was very simple. | 应付疟疾的方法很简单 |
| [29:01] | Simplest thing in the world. | 几乎可说是最简单的事 |
| [29:03] | It’s called “walking it out of you. “ | 我们叫做”把疟疾给走出来” |
| [29:06] | All our walking wounded from the two battles we had fought | 翻山途中两次交战中的伤员 |
| [29:10] | while coming over the mountains were still with us. | 依然跟着我们 |
| [29:16] | The weary marauders still took the airfield by surprise, | 疲倦的士兵们仍旧靠突袭来夺取机场 |
| [29:19] | but the Japanese continued to hold the nearby town. | 但日本兵仍旧掌握着附近的城镇 |
| [29:24] | I became fascinated with the 88th Fighter Squadron. | 我开始着迷于拍摄第八十八战斗机中队 |
| [29:29] | They had death’s-heads on their P-40f airplanes. | 他们在战鹰战斗机上画上骷髅头 |
| [29:32] | They were only about a mile and a half | 他们离日本人的碉堡 |
| [29:34] | from the Japanese bunkers. | 只有大约两公里 |
| [29:36] | So they could make one climbing turn | 他们可以爬高 然后翻转 |
| [29:38] | and come down right on a bunker. | 直接俯冲轰炸碉堡 |
| [29:40] | They were great for support | 他们是美军和中国军队 |
| [29:42] | for the American and Chinese surrounding Myitkyina. | 在密支那很好的支援者 |
| [29:48] | I was always interested in unique ways of looking at things. | 我总喜欢以独特的角度拍摄 |
| [29:54] | I thought it would be great if I could put my movie camera | 我想如果把摄像机放到战斗机里 |
| [29:57] | the P-40 on a dive-bombing run. | 拍摄俯冲轰炸过程 一定会很棒 |
| [30:05] | I see them up there, and I see them make their turn, | 我看见他们爬升 翻转 |
| [30:08] | and down they go. | 迅速下落 |
| [30:09] | And I see him right on the back of the Captain going down. | 我的飞行员紧跟在上尉后面 |
| [30:13] | And the Captain pulls out after he releases his bomb, | 上尉投下炸弹后就闪开了 |
| [30:16] | and this guy is still following the bomb down. | 而我的飞行员还追着炸弹 |
| [30:20] | And there’s this terrific blast. | 接着就是可怕的爆炸 |
| [30:22] | And I see him trying to fly through the blast. | 我看见他试图飞过爆炸圈 |
| [30:26] | He can’t get any altitude, but he comes in | 他无法爬升 但他冲回去 |
| [30:28] | and crash-lands at the end of the strip. | 紧急降落在跑道上 |
| [30:32] | When the flight leader landed, | 当指挥官的飞机着陆时 |
| [30:34] | Quaid thought a strategic retreat was in order. | 奎德以为自己会被遣返 |
| [30:37] | He was, after all, responsible for wrecking the plane. | 他最后还是要为损坏飞机负责 |
| [30:40] | And he comes up to me and he says, | 他走过来对我说 |
| [30:42] | “Quaid, get out of here!” | “奎德 你这臭小子 |
| [30:45] | He said, “four more, and you’re a Japanese Ace!” | 再搞坏四架 你就是日本王牌飞行员了” |
| [30:51] | I think it’s one of the funniest lines in World War II. | 我觉得这是二战中最有趣的对话之一 |
| [30:55] | He said, “Aw, Dave, don’t take it too much to heart. | 他说”戴夫 别放在心上 |
| [30:59] | We really want to get P-5 1S. “ | 我们本来就想换新飞机了” |
| [31:05] | June 1944. | 1994年6月 |
| [31:07] | The Marines land in the Marianas | 海军陆战队在可轰炸日本本土的 |
| [31:09] | within bomber range of the Japanese home islands. | 马里亚那群岛着陆 |
| [31:12] | The late Rchard Brooks | 已故的理查德·布鲁克斯 |
| [31:13] | was in charge of collecting the exposed footage. | 负责拍摄露天镜头 |
| [31:15] | When the landing boats came in for a landing at the beach, | 登陆舰在岸边停靠的时候 |
| [31:18] | The cameramen came in first. | 摄影师先上了岸 |
| [31:20] | They came in first so they could photograph the Marines | 他们抢先上岸以便拍摄 |
| [31:23] | coming in to make the invasion. | 陆战士兵如何进攻 |
| [31:32] | Like John Huston, | 如约翰·休斯顿一样 |
| [31:33] | Brooks would edit, write and narrate this | 布鲁克斯会进行剪辑 自编解说词 |
| [31:35] | footage into a great war documentary. | 将这些镜头连贯成很好的战争纪录片 |
| [31:38] | Also, like Huston, | 也如休斯顿一样 |
| [31:40] | he would become an Oscar-winning Hollywood writer-director after the war. | 他将成为奥斯卡最佳编剧兼导演奖得主 |
| [31:44] | The Japs bring down another one of our planes. | 日本人击落了我方另一架飞机 |
| [32:13] | A sniper is burned out. | 狙击兵被烧着了 |
| [32:22] | A Jap makes a run for it. | 一个日本兵试图突围 |
| [32:26] | Lieutenant General Holland Smith, U.S. Marine Corps, | 美国海军陆战队中将霍兰·史密斯 |
| [32:29] | commanding the assault forces. | 指挥着整个攻击部队 |
| [32:31] | He was known to his men as “Howlin’ Mad” smith. | 他被手下士兵称为”疯子”史密斯 |
| [32:34] | Brooks was working up the nerve to ask him a question. | 布鲁克斯鼓起勇气问了一个问题 |
| [32:38] | I made sure to get some shots of General Smith | 我先给史密斯中将拍了几个镜头 |
| [32:41] | up against the skyline and against the sea. | 以地平线和海岸做背景 |
| [32:45] | Walking back to his jeep, | 我和他一起走回他的吉普 |
| [32:47] | I said, “May I ask you a question, sir?” | 我说”可以问您个问题吗 长官” |
| [32:48] | He said, “Go ahead. I was a corporal. “ | 他说”随便问吧 我也曾是下士” |
| [32:52] | And I said, “ls there any way, General, | 于是我说”有没有可能 |
| [32:56] | that our combat cameramen can carry side arms?” | 能给我们这些战地摄影师配枪呢” |
| [33:00] | He said, “what do you mean?” | 他问”你想说什么” |
| [33:01] | I said, “We don’t have arms. We just got the camera. | 我说”我们没有武器 只有相机 |
| [33:06] | “And if somebody’s shooting at you, | 如果有人向你射击 |
| [33:07] | it’s easier if you can shoot back, even if you don’t hit them.” | 我们最好能回击 即使打不中也好” |
| [33:11] | He said, “I don’t care if you got film in the camera. | 他说”我不在乎你的摄像机里有没有胶卷 |
| [33:14] | “l want those cameras there, and I want them there all the time. | 我只希望无时无刻 这些镜头都在这里 |
| [33:18] | “because in front of those cameras, | 因为不论有没有胶卷 |
| [33:19] | “whether they got film in them or not, | 这些镜头所代表的 |
| [33:22] | “those are the eyes of the world, | 是全世界给予的关注 |
| [33:24] | And there are no cowards in front of a camera. “ | 而镜头面前无懦夫” |
| [33:34] | John Ercole was again one of the photographers. | 约翰·厄科尔也是其中一名摄影师 |
| [33:36] | The sniper, wherever he was, | 狙击兵 不管他在哪里 |
| [33:38] | I’m in his sights. | 我都在他的视线范围里 |
| [33:40] | And I got to move back and forth in order… | 当我在前后移动时 |
| [33:43] | he’s trying to hit me in the foot | 他试图射击我的脚 |
| [33:45] | and keeps hitting the ground. | 子弹不停地射向地面 |
| [33:46] | I’m photographing this tank | 我正在拍摄一架坦克 |
| [33:49] | where our Marines are carrying some badly wounded Marines | 陆战队员用肩膀扛起重伤员 |
| [33:52] | on their shoulders and using the tank as protection. | 并用坦克作为掩护 |
| [33:57] | The tanks were a key element in the victory. | 坦克师是制胜的关键 |
| [34:03] | This footage was shot in color. | 这个镜头拍摄时是彩色的 |
| [34:05] | But like these pictures from inside a tank, | 但和这些在坦克中拍摄的影片一样 |
| [34:08] | it was released in black and white. | 最后以黑白的形式发表出来 |
| [34:19] | The last Japanese strongholds were the hills, | 日军最后的堡垒是山丘 |
| [34:21] | honeycombed with caves | 和蜂窝状的洞穴 |
| [34:23] | from which they had to be painfully rooted out. | 美军必须艰难地铲除他们 |
| [34:26] | The big thing on Saipan | 塞班岛上的首要任务就是 |
| [34:28] | was knocking these guys out up on the rocks. | 把在岩石中的那些家伙赶出来 |
| [34:31] | We had people speaking Japanese trying to get them to give up, | 我们让会说日语的人劝说他们投降 |
| [34:33] | and they were just shooting back. | 但得到的回应只是子弹 |
| [34:37] | In the marine corps, we took an oath | 在海军陆战队 我们宣过誓 |
| [34:39] | that you were willing to die to save your buddy | 你愿为你的同伴献出生命 |
| [34:42] | and you’re willing to get shot up to save your buddies. | 愿意为了救他们而受伤 |
| [34:45] | And the Japanese took it a little further. | 日本人的誓言比我们极端 |
| [34:48] | Their oath was to die rather than give up. | 他们誓死不降 |
| [34:57] | They were told we had to kill our own children | 日军告诉战士 我们必须杀了自己的孩子 |
| [35:00] | to get in the Marine Corps, or consume our parents as food | 或吃了父母才能加入海军陆战队 |
| [35:03] | and all kinds of stories that these people had been told. | 以及各种各样的可怕故事 |
| [35:07] | As always, only a handful of Japanese soldiers surrendered, | 与往常一样 只有少数的日军会投降 |
| [35:11] | mostly it was civilians who gave up. | 投降者多是平民 |
| [35:13] | But even some of them were too terrified to do so. | 但他们中有些人仍害怕这样做 |
| [35:17] | There’s a shot on Saipan where I come across a woman. | 有个镜头是我在塞班岛遇到的一位妇女 |
| [35:20] | There ‘s a cut in the cliff, and she’s maybe 60 yards away from me. | 这里有个悬崖 她大约离我有五十米远 |
| [35:24] | She’s got a child standing here, | 她带着孩子站在那里 |
| [35:26] | baby in her hand, and she spots me. | 手上抱着婴儿 她发现了我 |
| [35:30] | She sees the camera, which is on a gun stock. | 她看见挂在枪杆上的相机 |
| [35:34] | she doesn’t know it’s a camera, so as I raise it up, | 她不知道这是相机 所以当我准备拍照时 |
| [35:37] | she kicks this kid off the cliff, | 她将孩子踢下悬崖 |
| [35:40] | throws the baby off the cliff, and she takes a dive. | 把婴儿丢下悬崖 自己也跳了下去 |
| [35:46] | Now, that’s all on film. | 这些全被拍下 |
| [35:47] | It only may be… four seconds? | 全过程大概只有 四秒钟 |
| [35:51] | That’s the fear that these people were embedded with. | 这就是这些人被施加的恐惧 |
| [35:55] | This shot of the dead child, | 这个死去的婴儿的镜头 |
| [35:57] | one of the most pathetic images of the war, | 是整个战争中最悲哀的景象 |
| [36:00] | was not released at the time. | 在当时并没有被公开 |
| [36:07] | These paratroopers would be the first | 这些伞兵将是最早 |
| [36:08] | to breach Hitler’s Atlantic Wall. | 打破希特勒大西洋壁垒的人 |
| [36:11] | They would land in Normandy | 他们会在诺曼底着陆 |
| [36:12] | in the predawn darkness of June 6, 1944, | 在1944年6月6日黎明前的黑暗中 |
| [36:15] | forerunners of history’s greatest amphibious landing. | 作为史上最具规模的两栖登陆先锋 |
| [36:22] | The bombers were next. | 接下来上场的是轰炸机 |
| [36:25] | Every D-Day plane carried broad identifying stripes. | 每个登陆日飞机上都标记了辨认条纹 |
| [36:29] | This defense against friendly fire | 这一防止友军误伤的措施 |
| [36:30] | used up all the white paint in England. | 几乎消耗了英格兰所有的白漆 |
| [36:34] | Carl Voelker remembers that morning. | 卡尔·沃尔克仍记得那个早上 |
| [36:36] | On D-Day, we flew twice. | 在登陆日 我们飞了两次 |
| [36:38] | We went out early in the morning. It was too dark to do much. | 我们很早就出发 天太黑效果不明显 |
| [36:42] | I was photographing the bombs going down on the beach. | 我负责拍摄投下海岸的炸弹 |
| [36:46] | They brought sandwiches and coffee out to the runway. | 他们带了三明治和咖啡到跑道上 |
| [36:48] | We stayed with the plane. | 我们和飞机待在一起 |
| [36:49] | It was rebombed, refueled, and we went back out. | 补给完成后 我们再回去 |
| [36:53] | We went across the Channel and we saw the boats and ships | 我们穿过英吉利海峡 看见南英格兰 |
| [36:57] | from Tortie, which was Southern England, | 托奇市的舰艇船只远道而来 |
| [37:00] | all the way across, and it was quite a sight | 看见这么多舰艇穿过英吉利海峡 |
| [37:03] | to see so much equipment being moved across the Channel. | 景象十分壮观 |
| [37:08] | They were bumper-to-bumper. | 他们一艘接着一艘 |
| [37:14] | The troops passed the hours | 士兵们在焦急的等待中 |
| [37:16] | in the usual pastimes of anxious waiting. | 打发着时间 |
| [37:19] | But inescapably, they were alone with their thoughts. | 但不可避免的 他们个个思绪万千 |
| [37:24] | And with the equipment on which, | 谁敢想像 除了依靠这些装备 |
| [37:26] | luck aside, and who dared think about that, | 和运气之外 |
| [37:29] | their lives would depend. | 他们的性命将维系在哪里 |
| [37:32] | In that whole vast armada, | 整个舰队中 |
| [37:34] | Only one creature didn’t know what awaited him. | 只有一只生物不知道将要发生的事 |
| [37:37] | But even he was prepared for the worst. | 但即使是它 也做了最坏的打算 |
| [37:40] | Still, the choppy Channel and the fear took their toll. | 波涛起伏的海峡和恐惧依然对人造成了影响 |
| [37:48] | As the day brightened, the gliders appeared, | 随着天亮 运兵机出现了 |
| [37:51] | carrying more troops to assault the Germans | 运送更多的士兵 |
| [37:52] | from behind their lines. | 从敌后袭击德国军队 |
| [37:56] | Then the bombers, flying low, returned. | 接着 轰炸机低空飞行回来 |
| [38:00] | But the second time, we went over low. | 但在第二次 我们飞得更低 |
| [38:03] | Maybe 5,000 feet. It was exceptional for us. | 有将近一千五百米 这很不寻常 |
| [38:05] | We never bombed down that low. | 我们从没有在这么低轰炸过 |
| [38:09] | Voelker’s bomb spotting was also exceptional, | 沃尔克的投弹非常精确 |
| [38:12] | steady and unerring. | 稳定而精确 |
| [38:17] | In most of the documentaries of World War II, | 在大部分关于二战的纪录片中 |
| [38:20] | you’ll see a chicken foot impression on the screen. | 你都能看到屏幕上的像鸡足印的影像 |
| [38:24] | That day I got static electricity in the camera. | 那天我的相机产生了静电 |
| [38:27] | The sparks appear in the gate, | 闪光显现在镜头上 |
| [38:28] | and it’s on every foot of film goes through the camera. | 出现在相机的每一个胶卷上 |
| [38:31] | That was my D-Day. | 那就是我的登陆日记忆 |
| [38:35] | “It was like a thousand 4th of Julys rolled into one, “ | “就好像几千场节日的焰火聚集在一起” |
| [38:38] | An eyewitness said. | 一位目击者描述到 |
| [38:40] | But the naval bombardment came too soon. | 但海军炮击开始得太早 |
| [38:43] | It was too dark for accuracy, or for Walter Rosenblum’s camera. | 天太黑 不利于炮击精度和拍摄 |
| [38:48] | I couldn’t go in on the first wave ’cause it was dark. | 因为太黑 我没有加入第一拨士兵 |
| [38:51] | There was no way I could photograph. | 我完全没有办法拍照 |
| [38:53] | Boats going in, and then the landing craft came back | 登陆舰开过去 接着开回来 |
| [38:56] | and loaded up another crew, and I went into that crew. | 运送另一群士兵 我加入了这群士兵中 |
| [39:01] | It’s like you see in the movies. | 正如你在影片中看到的 |
| [39:02] | You climb down a rope ladder, | 从绳梯上爬下来 |
| [39:04] | and I went in on one of these landing craft. | 我进入了其中一个登陆艇里 |
| [39:09] | The men in these later waves would confront D-Day’s grimmest reality, | 这批士兵将目睹登陆日最残酷的景象 |
| [39:13] | the sight of their fallen comrades. | 他们战友的尸体 |
| [39:16] | And we landed on the beach, | 我们在岸边登陆 |
| [39:18] | and the thing that struck me first is | 首先使我感到吃惊的是 |
| [39:21] | I’d never seen a dead person in my life. | 我之前从没有见过死人 |
| [39:23] | I was surrounded by death. | 但我现在却被尸体包围着 |
| [39:25] | There was gis in the water, | 士兵们躺在水里 |
| [39:27] | Rolling up and back in the water. | 随水浪漂浮 |
| [39:29] | Blood all in the water, and it was a very frightening sight. | 血流漂杵 景象十分可怖 |
| [39:38] | The Signal Corps cameramen lived with a bitter irony. | 通信兵摄影师最后的遭遇十分讽刺 |
| [39:41] | Almost the entire surviving photographic | 几乎所有幸存的 |
| [39:43] | record of D-Day on the American beaches | 美军登陆日影像记录 |
| [39:45] | was shot by Coast Guard cameramen. | 都由海岸警卫队摄影师拍摄 |
| [39:48] | The film exposed by Rosenblum | 罗森布鲁姆和其他 |
| [39:50] | and the other men of the 165th Photo Company on the beaches | 第一六五摄影队队员所拍摄的登陆影片 |
| [39:53] | would be lost. | 都遗失了 |
| [39:57] | By late morning, the beachhead was established. | 那天早上迟些时候 海岸被攻占了 |
| [39:59] | By the end of the day, | 那天晚些时候 |
| [40:00] | the cameramen were ready to surrender their hard-won footage. | 摄影师们准备好交出来之不易的镜头 |
| [40:04] | We turned our footage in to the beachmasters, | 我们把拍好的胶片交给登陆指挥官 |
| [40:07] | And they sent a Colonel over | 他们派来一位上校 |
| [40:09] | who went to each beachmaster and picked up the film, | 他到每个登陆指挥官那里取走胶卷 |
| [40:13] | put it all in a duffel bag, | 全部放进一个粗呢袋子里 |
| [40:15] | put it on his shoulder and went out to a ship. | 又把袋子抗到肩上 上了一条船 |
| [40:18] | Going up the side of the ship, he dropped it over the side, | 走到船侧 扔了袋子 |
| [40:22] | and all the film was lost. | 所有的胶卷都没了 |
| [40:24] | There was just one exception. | 当时只有一个例外 |
| [40:26] | A cameraman named Dick Taylor. | 一个叫迪克·泰勒的摄影师 |
| [40:28] | He made this great shot. | 拍摄了这段绝佳的影片 |
| [40:31] | By default, these few seconds | 因为遗失 这数分钟的影片 |
| [40:32] | constitute D-Day’s most famous footage. | 成为了登陆日最著名的镜头 |
| [40:37] | The only film you see, | 你所能看到唯一的 |
| [40:40] | American film from D-Day, was | 美军登陆日的影像 |
| [40:43] | our motion-picture guy that was with 1st Infantry Division. | 是第一步兵师一位摄影师的作品 |
| [40:48] | He got wounded, and he carried his film back with him, | 他当时受了伤 带着胶卷回来 |
| [40:51] | and he got about three or four scenes before he got hit. | 受伤之前 他大约拍摄了三四个镜头 |
| [40:56] | Much of Taylor’s footage is of combat’s aftermath. | 泰勒的大部分镜头都是战斗后的景象 |
| [41:00] | It is of men who have spent themselves in war, | 那些在战争中精疲力尽的人们 |
| [41:03] | trying to regather their strength. | 试着重拾力量 |
| [41:06] | They dig in. | 他们挖掘战壕 |
| [41:08] | They tend to their wounded. | 照顾伤员 |
| [41:12] | Mostly they register the shock of survival. | 大部分人流露出幸存后的震撼 |
| [41:15] | Their history has shrunk for the moment | 他们的历史都被浓缩到这一刻 |
| [41:18] | to this one terrible day. | 在这个糟糕的日子里 |
| [41:20] | They can see nothing but the awful shore | 他们能看到的 只有不久前才渡过的 |
| [41:22] | they so recently crossed. | 可怕的海岸 |
| [41:24] | They are forced to contemplate | 他们不得不思考 |
| [41:26] | the deaths they by some miracle avoided. | 自己的幸存是个奇迹 |
| [41:31] | On D plus 1, the supplies rolled in. | 登陆日后第一天 补给送来了 |
| [41:34] | So did the foul weather. | 与之同来的是恶劣天气 |
| [41:37] | Everywhere you looked off Omaha beach, | 奥马哈海滩目所能及之处 |
| [41:39] | boats and their crews were in peril on the seas. | 船只和士兵们都性命堪忧 |
| [41:46] | Walter Rosenblum was there shooting stills. | 沃尔特·罗森布鲁姆依旧在拍照 |
| [41:49] | so was his motion-picture partner, Val Pope. | 和他一起的还有搭档 瓦尔·蒲柏 |
| [41:53] | There was a couple of sinking boats | 那里有一些可能是被轰毁的 |
| [41:54] | that I presumed had been shelled, | 船只在下沉 |
| [41:56] | and a young Army Lieutenant swam out with a life raft | 一位年轻中尉乘救生筏游了出去 |
| [42:01] | in order to bring back the people off the boat. | 试图将人们带出沉船 |
| [42:10] | When I started, I said to myself, | 我开始拍摄的时候 对自己说 |
| [42:12] | “Walter, you’re a good swimmer. You have two alternatives. | “沃尔特 你水性不错 你有两个选择 |
| [42:16] | “You can go out with him and help him bring them back, | 你可以过去帮他救人 |
| [42:19] | or you could photograph.” | 或者在这里拍摄这个过程” |
| [42:21] | And at that moment I realized that my job | 那一刻我意识到我的任务 |
| [42:25] | was to take pictures, and that’s what I had to do. | 是去拍摄 那才是我必须做的 |
| [42:41] | These stills and the perfectly matched movie footage | 这些照片和完全相同的胶片影像 |
| [42:43] | helped fill some of the gaps left by the lost D-Day pictures. | 填补了登陆日那些丢失的镜头 |
| [42:49] | Tragically, Val Pope would be killed in action | 不幸的是 瓦尔·蒲柏在几天后 |
| [42:52] | a few days later. | 阵亡了 |
| [42:55] | The well-known picture of that sequence | 当时一张著名的照片 |
| [42:57] | was this young Lieutenant who was bending over a G.I., | 就是这个年轻中尉趴在一个士兵边上 |
| [43:01] | giving him first aid. | 给他做急救 |
| [43:03] | He looked like the most heroic fellow | 他应该是我这辈子见过的 |
| [43:05] | I’d ever seen in my life. | 最有英雄气质的人 |
| [43:07] | I was happy to be able to make that photograph, | 我很高兴能拍下那张照片 |
| [43:09] | because to me it epitomized what the war was about. | 因为这对我来说代表了战争的意义 |
| [43:12] | People who came to fight for what they believed in. | 是人们为了自己的信仰而战 |
| [43:18] | Three weeks after D-Day, | 登陆日之后的第三周 |
| [43:20] | there were almost half a million well-supplied American soldiers in France. | 在法国有近50万得到良好补给的美国士兵 |
| [43:25] | Stephen Ambrose calls this logistical miracle | 斯蒂芬·安布罗斯称这为后勤奇迹 |
| [43:27] | the great achievement of the American people and system | 二十世纪美国人民和制度 |
| [43:30] | in the 20th century. | 最大的成就 |
| [43:32] | Who would dispute it? | 谁会反对呢 |
| [43:34] | Only, perhaps, the G.I.s | 也许只有那些 |
| [43:36] | still struggling to break out of their beachhead | 被坚石堡垒和顽固的敌军 |
| [43:38] | against unforgiving terrane and stubborn enemy. | 永久困在滩头阵地的大兵们 |
| [43:45] | On the ghostly beaches, the barrage balloons arose, | 在可怕的岸边 阻塞气球升起 |
| [43:48] | protecting the masses of incoming supplies | 试图掩护运来的大量补给 |
| [43:50] | against the almost entirely absent Luftwaffe. | 以防少量德国空军的袭击 |
| [43:57] | Everywhere, casualties were counted. | 每一处都在清点死伤者 |
| [44:01] | They were heavy among the Airborne troops, | 大部分伤亡来自空降部队 |
| [44:03] | but the planners were ready for death, too. | 但指挥官早已预料到会有伤亡 |
| [44:07] | It was neatly registered. | 死者清点得很有序 |
| [44:10] | The high command and their tankers | 最高指挥部及其所拥有的坦克 |
| [44:12] | were less well-prepared for a unique and hazardous feature | 对诺曼底独特而危险的地形 |
| [44:16] | of Normandy’s topography. | 准备不足 |
| [44:18] | All through Normandy there, | 贯穿整个诺曼底 |
| [44:20] | it was all through hedgerow country. | 满是灌木篱墙的乡村 |
| [44:22] | They were about six foot high and six foot thick | 这些灌木篱墙大约有两米高 两米厚 |
| [44:25] | and got trees growing out of the tops, | 顶端长着树 |
| [44:27] | and they’re real fortresses. | 简直就像个堡垒 |
| [44:29] | We could be digging in on one side of a hedgerow | 我们从篱笆的一侧挖洞时 |
| [44:31] | and the Germans would be digging in on the other side of it. | 而德国人可能正从另一侧挖洞 |
| [44:38] | There would be little openings | 灌木墙有一些 |
| [44:40] | with gates and stuff through them, | 小门或小口子 |
| [44:42] | and guys would have to attack through | 士兵们只能从小门 |
| [44:44] | those damn things or over the top of one. | 或在缺口上方射击 |
| [44:46] | The hedgerows, first planted in the middle ages, | 中世纪时种下的灌木墙 |
| [44:49] | frustrated the war of movement, | 使部队无法行进 |
| [44:51] | But not for long. | 但只是暂时的 |
| [44:53] | An Ordnance Sergeant | 一位炮兵中士 |
| [44:55] | figured out that he could weld | 发现若在坦克前 |
| [44:57] | two big prongs on the front of a tank, | 焊上两个叉齿 |
| [45:01] | and they’d dig into the hedgerow, | 便能戳进篱笆墙里 |
| [45:03] | and the tank would shove its way through a hedgerow. | 坦克就能穿过篱笆墙 |
| [45:06] | After we got that, it made it a lot simpler. | 有了这方法就方便多了 |
| [45:14] | Some 60 years ago, | 大约六十年前 |
| [45:16] | An anonymous German bureaucrat | 一位不知名的德国军官 |
| [45:18] | poked his finger on a map | 把手指戳在地图上 |
| [45:20] | and decreed that here, in this French farmer’s fields, | 并宣令在这片法国农田 |
| [45:23] | would be the site of these big coastal batteries. | 修建一批反军舰炮台 |
| [45:26] | They’re still there today, | 它们今日依然屹立 |
| [45:27] | silent yet ominous reminders | 无言但不祥地 |
| [45:30] | of the way in which war | 提醒人们 |
| [45:32] | intrudes itself on ordinary human life. | 战争曾如何侵扰人民的日常生活 |
| [45:35] | And yet that life has | 然而生活有其 |
| [45:37] | an amazing stubbornness. | 惊人的坚韧性 |
| [45:39] | The guns may thunder, | 任凭枪声隆隆 |
| [45:40] | but the fields must still be harvested. | 田野依旧金秋结穗 |
| [45:47] | The geese have to cross the road, | 即使战车盈路 |
| [45:50] | even if it’s choked with military traffic. | 鸭鹅依旧横径而过 |
| [45:53] | The ordinary skein | 普通人的生活 |
| [45:54] | of human life goes on, | 仍将继续 |
| [45:56] | and our cameramen recorded that, too. | 我们的摄影师同样记录了这一切 |
| [46:05] | The young liberators were | 不当值的时候 |
| [46:07] | bored, restless, coltish | 年轻的自由战士们 |
| [46:08] | when they were off duty. | 百无聊赖 活蹦乱跳 |
| [46:10] | These American airmen discovered | 这些美军飞行员们在一个 |
| [46:11] | these horses in a Norman pasture. | 诺曼底的牧场里发现了这些马 |
| [46:14] | One of them was an Oklahoma cowboy, | 其中一人曾是俄克拉荷马州的牛仔 |
| [46:16] | who for a moment gracefully recaptured | 那一刻 他优雅地重现了 |
| [46:18] | one of civilian life ‘s lost pleasures. | 百姓生活中一种已失落的乐趣 |
| [46:22] | It was not commonly known | 很多人都不知道 |
| [46:23] | that our preinvasion bombardment | 我们进攻前的轰炸 |
| [46:25] | killed a lot of French people who were | 夺去了许多住在战线后的 |
| [46:27] | living behind the line. | 法国人的生命 |
| [46:29] | I was always amazed at the fact | 我总是惊讶于 |
| [46:31] | that the French people I photographed | 我曾拍摄的法国民众 |
| [46:33] | didn’t blame the Americans | 并不为所发生的事情 |
| [46:34] | for what was taking place. | 责怪美国人 |
| [46:35] | They regarded us as liberators, | 即使我们的炸弹夺取了 |
| [46:37] | even though our bombs | 当地人的生命 |
| [46:38] | killed some of the people who lived there. | 他们依然视我们为解放者 |
| [46:42] | There was a sweetness in these welcomes, | 这些欢迎是如此的友善 |
| [46:44] | and a certain haste. | 又是如此的匆忙 |
| [46:46] | After the Normandy breakout, | 在诺曼底突围后 |
| [46:47] | It finally became a war of movement. | 局面最终演变成了运动战 |
| [46:51] | And for this Free French tank battalion, | 拉斯·迈耶发现 |
| [46:53] | it was a very personal war, | 对这个法国坦克营来说 |
| [46:55] | as Russ Meyer learned when he joined them. | 这场战争事关己身 |
| [46:58] | Right off the bat, | 一刻不耽误 |
| [46:59] | took our jeep with the tank. | 我们就开吉普跟上坦克 |
| [47:01] | the French tank. | 那些法国坦克 |
| [47:03] | we’d go right between them. | 我们就在他们中间 |
| [47:06] | His best wartime buddy, Bill Teas, | 他最好的战友 比尔·提斯 |
| [47:09] | was already with the French unit. | 已经和法国部队在一起了 |
| [47:11] | He would lend his name to | 迈耶后来以他的名字命名了 |
| [47:13] | the title of Meyer’s first postwar erotic hit, | 自己战后的一部大热电影 |
| [47:15] | The lmmoral Mr. Teas. | 《不道德的提斯先生》 |
| [47:18] | Needless to say, the French tankers | 毋庸赘言 驶过故土时 |
| [47:20] | were welcomed with special warmth | 法国坦克兵受到了 |
| [47:21] | as they rolled through their native land. | 温暖的欢迎 |
| [47:24] | The Americans were included in that welcome. | 美国人也被包括在内 |
| [47:27] | They would all say, | 他们都说 |
| [47:29] | “Oh, Americain. Tres bien.” | “美国人 好样的”[法语] |
| [47:33] | There was danger on these roads, too. | 路上同样险象环生 |
| [47:35] | You go down the street, and the guy says, | 我们在街上 有个伙计说 |
| [47:38] | “Stop! stop right now! | “停下 立刻停下 |
| [47:39] | “Don’t go. There’s a bunch of | 别去那儿 路那头 |
| [47:40] | Germans down that road. | 有一大堆德国人 |
| [47:42] | Now get the hell out of there.” | 快离开这儿” |
| [47:45] | Forewarned, they engaged in | 得到了预警 他们展开了一场 |
| [47:46] | a brief, violent firefight. | 简短而暴力的交火 |
| [47:49] | This time, they took prisoners. | 这一次 他们捉到了俘虏 |
| [47:52] | I’d love to know the guy today. | 我很想认识一下那人 |
| [47:53] | If we hadn ‘t been warned, | 如果没有他的预警 |
| [47:56] | we would have had our… | 我们就… |
| [47:58] | they would have gotten our tonsils. | 我们就完蛋了 |
| [48:00] | But they weren’t always so lucky. | 但他们并不总是如此幸运 |
| [48:04] | In a later engagement, | 随后一次交战中 |
| [48:05] | they took heavy losses. | 他们蒙受了巨大的损失 |
| [48:07] | As was so often the case in tank battles, | 正如坦克大战中常见的 |
| [48:10] | the wounds were ghastly. | 伤亡非常可怕 |
| [48:12] | and hard to accept. | 又难以接受 |
| [48:14] | As some of the tankers struggled to | 当一部分坦克兵拼命 |
| [48:15] | free a trapped comrade, | 营救被困住的同志时 |
| [48:17] | others rethought the battle and refought it. | 另一些人心有不甘 再次上阵 |
| [48:22] | There was a desire to protect the home front | 他们渴望保护家园 |
| [48:24] | from war’s harshest realities. | 免受战争的残酷侵害 |
| [48:26] | If these had been Americans, | 如果他们是美国人 |
| [48:28] | these pictures might not have been taken. | 这些照片将不会被拍下 |
| [48:31] | You didn ‘t want to get G.I.s. | 你不想拍下美国士兵 |
| [48:33] | You didn ‘t want a G.I. dying. | 你不希望拍到美国士兵死去 |
| [48:34] | If it was, I’d get something | 如果真的是美国人 |
| [48:35] | where at least the American wouldn’t be | 我也会拍得让美国人 |
| [48:37] | readily recognized. | 无法辨认 |
| [48:40] | I was concerned about their family | 我担心他们的家庭 |
| [48:41] | that would see somebody in the newsreels. | 会在新闻片上看到家人 |
| [48:45] | But Paris was nearly at hand, | 但就在作战日后三个月内 |
| [48:47] | less than three months after D-Day. | 巴黎便已唾手可得 |
| [48:50] | As the Liberators approached, | 在自由战士们接近后 |
| [48:51] | the Communist led underground | 共产党发起了 |
| [48:53] | rose against the Germans. | 反德国地下运动 |
| [48:57] | In the streets, the German tanks | 秘密抵抗组织的成员们 |
| [48:59] | were opposed by members | 仅仅带着轻武器 |
| [49:00] | of the resistance carrying only small arms. | 在大街小巷阻击德国战车 |
| [49:02] | Amazingly, they forced | 令人惊讶的是 他们强迫达成了 |
| [49:04] | an uneasy truce. | 一个脆弱的停火协议 |
| [49:05] | It is possible they prevented | 他们很有可能 |
| [49:07] | the destruction of the city | 阻止了希特勒 |
| [49:09] | that Hitler had ordered. | 下令进行的城市破坏 |
| [49:22] | The honor of entering Paris first | 法国自由部队获得了 |
| [49:24] | was given to Free French Forces. | 首先进入巴黎的荣耀 |
| [49:27] | But as their leaders | 但在他们领导人 |
| [49:28] | boldly showed themselves, | 大胆地亮相时 |
| [49:29] | gunfire erupted. | 枪声四起 |
| [49:31] | There was De Gaulle | 戴高乐在那里 |
| [49:31] | And I forget which other officers were there. | 我不记得其余的官员是谁了 |
| [49:33] | I’m sure Leclerc had to be there. | 我确定勒克莱尔一定在 |
| [49:37] | The city had not been | 德国军队和 |
| [49:38] | cleared of German troops | 法国通敌者 |
| [49:39] | and their French sympathizers. | 并未被彻底清出城市 |
| [49:41] | They all came marching | 游行途中 |
| [49:43] | down the Champs Elysees | 他们都到了 |
| [49:44] | as part of this parade, | 巴黎香榭丽舍大街 |
| [49:47] | and there were snipers, | 那里埋伏着狙击手 |
| [49:49] | and there were shots fired. | 他们开火了 |
| [49:50] | And, of course, everybody ducked. | 自然 大家抱头鼠窜 |
| [49:52] | The street fighting was | 实际上 巷战是 |
| [49:54] | actually intense and deadly. | 激烈而致命的 |
| [50:01] | In many places, people were pinned to the ground, | 在很多地方 人们被压制在原地 |
| [50:03] | unable to move. | 动弹不得 |
| [50:05] | The terror was palpable. | 恐惧强烈得几乎可以触知 |
| [50:14] | Reprisals against French collaborators | 针对法国叛国者的复仇 |
| [50:16] | were swift and harsh. | 迅速而激烈 |
| [50:20] | That was not the end of French vengeance. | 法国通敌者的痛苦并未结束 |
| [50:22] | We were advised of activity | 我们被告知会举行 |
| [50:24] | regarding collaborationists, | 关于叛国贼的活动 |
| [50:26] | and what they were doing is taking, | 他们在这次活动中 |
| [50:28] | in this case, women collaborationists | 抓住女叛徒 |
| [50:31] | and shaving their heads. | 并剃光她们的头发 |
| [50:32] | These are, I guess, women | 我猜她们都是和 |
| [50:34] | who had socially gone out | 德国士兵出去约会 |
| [50:37] | or played around with | 或者和他们 |
| [50:38] | some of the German soldiers. | 打情骂俏的女人 |
| [50:42] | The idea, as I understood it, | 以我的理解 这么做是为了 |
| [50:44] | was that for weeks and months afterwards, | 在随后的几周或几月之间 |
| [50:47] | everybody would know who the | 每个人都能知道 |
| [50:48] | collaborationists were. | 究竟谁是叛徒 |
| [50:52] | For the most part, they said nothing. | 大半的时间里 她们一言不发 |
| [50:54] | Some smiled and some | 有些微笑以对 |
| [50:56] | just stared straight ahead… | 有些直视前方 |
| [50:58] | And I guess tried to make the best of what | 我猜 他们是想在逆境中 |
| [51:00] | they were faced with. | 保持乐观 |
| [51:04] | The Allies had first intended to bypass Paris, | 同盟军本想绕过巴黎 |
| [51:07] | but it was unavoidably in their path. | 但它却是必由之路 |
| [51:09] | Most of these soldiers did not stop. | 大部分的士兵并未停下脚步 |
| [51:12] | For them, Paris was just a quickly glimpsed place | 于他们 巴黎仅是他们胜利之路上的 |
| [51:15] | on the road to victory. | 惊鸿一瞥 |
| [51:18] | In a smaller French city, | 一个法国小镇上 |
| [51:20] | Fred Bornet found the joy of liberation | 弗雷德博尼特发现 人们以一种更为 |
| [51:22] | more freely expressed and more directable. | 奔放直接的方式表达了自由的喜悦 |
| [51:26] | The people were out in the street, | 人们涌到大街小巷 |
| [51:28] | and they were just absolutely ecstatic. | 欣喜若狂 |
| [51:33] | Hysterical with delight. | 兴奋得发疯 |
| [51:35] | And they hung bunting, | 人们挂起彩带 |
| [51:37] | and they’d lift glasses of wine. | 人人举杯同庆 |
| [51:40] | And what is so great is | 最棒的是 |
| [51:41] | that you don’t have a script. | 这全是自发的 |
| [51:43] | You seize those wonderful moments. | 都是真实的美丽瞬间 |
| [51:46] | And there were lots of girls, | 有很多女孩子 |
| [51:49] | flowers in their hair. | 发间插着鲜花 |
| [51:51] | They were sort of waving and greeting. | 她们那样挥着手问候着 |
| [51:53] | But they were not doing it… | 但她们的动作里 |
| [51:57] | with enough enthusiasm. | 并没有足够的热情 |
| [51:59] | I thought this is such a great moment. | 我觉得如此美妙的时刻 |
| [52:02] | It should be like the big parade. | 应该像一场盛大的游行 |
| [52:08] | So I said to the girl, “Look. | 所以我跟她们说”听着 |
| [52:11] | “When that stream of soldiers is walking by, | 那队士兵走过来的时候 |
| [52:15] | run against that stream and kiss them!” | 你们直冲过去亲他们” |
| [52:26] | And I cried. There was a release. | 我哭了 那是一种释放 |
| [52:30] | And then they offered me | 然后他们给了我 |
| [52:32] | soup and fried eggs | 热汤和煎蛋 |
| [52:35] | and they were waving flags. | 人们挥舞着旗帜 |
| [52:38] | You have a feeling that | 你有一种感觉 |
| [52:40] | you’re doing something that is worthwhile. | 你做的事情都是有意义的 |
| [52:45] | In the fall of 1944, | 1944年秋 |
| [52:47] | American eyes were fixed on Europe, | 美国紧密关注着欧洲 |
| [52:49] | where headquarters spoke, | 指挥部宣称战争的结束 |
| [52:51] | overconfidently, as it turned out, | 指日可待 触手可及 |
| [52:53] | of the war’s end being in sight, | 事实证明 他们 |
| [52:55] | almost within reach. | 对此过于自信了 |
| [52:57] | No such claims were made for the war in the Pacific. | 太平洋战场依然无胜者 |
| [53:00] | Combat there was as brutal | 当地的战斗一如既往地 |
| [53:02] | and furious as ever. | 野蛮而激烈 |
| [53:03] | But many of its fighting men | 但许多战士感觉 |
| [53:04] | felt isolated and ignored. | 被孤立 被无视 |
| [53:07] | Navy cameraman Sam Sorenson. | 比如海军摄影师山姆·索伦森 |
| [53:09] | The Marines that I worked with | 与我共事的海军陆战队员 |
| [53:11] | were happy to have some | 很高兴他们能 |
| [53:13] | pictures taken of them. | 留下一些照片 |
| [53:15] | In the Pacific, they were so lonely. | 在太平洋 他们如此孤独 |
| [53:19] | They never saw a woman. | 他们从没见过女人 |
| [53:21] | One of the reasons that I was happy to | 我与海军陆战队员 |
| [53:22] | work with the Marines | 共事愉快的原因之一是 |
| [53:25] | was because we got better | 能拍到更好的 |
| [53:27] | pictures of combat action. | 战斗场面 |
| [53:30] | Peleliu, September 1944. | 贝里琉 1944年9月 |
| [53:33] | The fury of the naval and air bombardment | 海空轰炸 |
| [53:34] | was unprecedented. | 前所未有的激烈 |
| [53:37] | For three days we shelled that thing. | 我们密集轰炸了整整三天 |
| [53:40] | When we approached those islands, | 我们没经过小岛时 |
| [53:42] | it looked like little, nice, | 它看上去就像 |
| [53:44] | green rolling hills. | 延绵起伏的美丽小山 |
| [53:46] | When we got through, | 而我们过境之后 |
| [53:48] | it looked like little, rugged, jagged mountains. | 满地疮痍 遍地焦土 |
| [53:51] | There were little coral mountains | 四处都伫立着 |
| [53:53] | sticking up all over. | 小小的秃山 |
| [53:56] | I couldn ‘t believe anything | 我无法相信那里 |
| [53:57] | could live on there. | 还能有任何活物 |
| [54:00] | But the bombing was ineffective. | 然而轰炸徒劳无功 |
| [54:02] | The enemy remained safe in their bunkers. | 敌人躲在掩体里 安然无恙 |
| [54:06] | So when the Marines started in, | 当海军陆战队登陆时 |
| [54:07] | there was an outer reef. | 途径一个外礁 |
| [54:10] | And they got hung up on that reef. | 他们被卡在了那里 |
| [54:13] | They were caught in Japanese crossfire. | 军队陷入与日军的交火 |
| [54:16] | So a lot of them had to unload there | 许多人必须在那里卸下负载 |
| [54:18] | and go on in with amphibious tractors. | 换水陆两用车继续前进 |
| [54:23] | Then when they hit the beach, | 到达沙滩时 |
| [54:26] | they got raked from | 在那里 |
| [54:27] | this “point” they call it. | 他们遭到了扫射 |
| [54:29] | The irony of Peleliu is | 贝里琉的讽刺性在于 |
| [54:31] | that it was unnecessary. | 此战并不必要 |
| [54:32] | General MacArthur thought he needed it | 麦克阿瑟上将认为 |
| [54:33] | to shield his invasion of the Philippines. | 他需要借此掩饰他对菲律宾的进攻 |
| [54:36] | Military historians now agree | 军事史学家现在一致认为 |
| [54:38] | that he did not. | 他无需如此 |
| [54:40] | The Marines took almost 50% casualties. | 海军陆战队伤亡近半 |
| [54:43] | They holed up in caves. | 敌人藏在洞穴里 |
| [54:45] | They never made banzai charges. | 从不冲出来 |
| [54:47] | And they had what they call “spider holes”, | 他们还有称之为”蜘蛛洞”的东西 |
| [54:50] | where one sniper would stand. | 里面仅容得下一个狙击手 |
| [54:52] | They finally would close them up. | 最终大兵把这些洞封上 |
| [54:55] | They’d blow them up and close the entrance. | 堵上入口 然后放火 |
| [54:58] | Then the Japanese would | 日本人就会从 |
| [54:59] | come out of another hole. | 另一个洞出来 |
| [55:04] | It took two months to get them out. | 花了两个月才把人都弄出来 |
| [55:06] | They took maybe a hundred prisoners | 在这次行动中 |
| [55:07] | out of this whole thing. | 俘虏了近百人 |
| [55:09] | In the end, we had lost | 最终 我们失去近 |
| [55:11] | something like 1,900 Marines, | 一千九百名海军陆战队员 |
| [55:15] | and we had to kill | 还不得不杀掉 |
| [55:17] | nearly 13,000 Japanese. | 近一万三千名日本人 |
| [55:22] | Meantime, the war in the | 与此同时 中缅印战区的 |
| [55:24] | China-Burma-India theater continued, | 战事依旧持续着 |
| [55:26] | and Dave Quaid soldiered on. | 而戴夫·奎德继续着他的战斗 |
| [55:28] | It was a Thanksgiving air drop, | 那是一次感恩节的空投 |
| [55:30] | and President Roosevelt said, | 罗斯福总统说 |
| [55:32] | “No matter where your son or daughter is, | “无论你的儿女身在何方 |
| [55:34] | “on land or sea or in the air, | 大陆 海洋 抑或天空 |
| [55:36] | He’s going to get a turkey dinner.” | 他们都将享用一顿火鸡晚餐” |
| [55:38] | And I said, “That’s hogwash!” | 而我说”瞎扯淡” |
| [55:40] | I said, “I’m going to photograph this drop | 我说”我要拍下这次空投 |
| [55:42] | and prove that it never happened. “ | 并证明这个承诺不会实现” |
| [55:49] | Aerial resupply had been taken over | 空中再补给由欧洲新来的 |
| [55:51] | by a new unit fresh from Europe. | 小队接手 |
| [55:53] | Their adjustment to the C.B.I. was poor. | 他们对中缅印战区适应力极差 |
| [55:56] | Coming in too fast and low, | 投得太快太低 |
| [55:58] | their drops were often inaccurate | 落点常常不准 |
| [55:59] | and often destroyed their cargo. | 还经常弄坏货物 |
| [56:02] | The plane was directly over | 飞机就在我们所走的 |
| [56:04] | the trail we were on. | 小路的正上方 |
| [56:07] | So I yelled to these | 所以我向他们大吼 |
| [56:09] | guys to get off the trail. | 让他们从路上离开 |
| [56:11] | In fact, the skinny, emaciated guy there | 其实那个扛着相机 |
| [56:12] | with the camera is me. | 瘦弱憔悴的小伙子就是我 |
| [56:14] | They scored a direct, | 不知是不是意外 他们朝着奎德 |
| [56:16] | if accidental hit, on Quaid. | 照直把东西扔了下来 |
| [56:18] | The medics immediately assisted me, | 医务人员 也就是我的战友比尔 |
| [56:21] | as did my buddy Bill. | 立即救治我 |
| [56:22] | His ordeal wasn’t over. | 他的苦难并未结束 |
| [56:23] | He is still moved by | 比尔·布朗 |
| [56:24] | Bill Brown’s willingness | 舍命相救的事 |
| [56:25] | to risk his life for him. | 依旧感动着他 |
| [56:27] | Here was this chute | 有个降落伞直直地 |
| [56:29] | coming down right on my face, | 朝我头上掉下来 |
| [56:31] | And I said, “Bill! Bill! look at that!” | 我叫道 “比尔 比尔 又来一个” |
| [56:34] | And Bill got up, | 比尔站起来 |
| [56:36] | stepped across me, said, “I’ll get it.” | 跨过我 说”我来挡住” |
| [56:46] | So, there was a puff of wind, | 然后起了一阵风 |
| [56:49] | and it blew just past my head, | 正好把它从我脸边吹了过去 |
| [56:52] | And Bill didn’t have to sacrifice himself. | 比尔也不需要牺牲他自己了 |
| [56:55] | Dave Quaid’s war was finished. | 戴夫·奎德的战争结束了 |
| [56:58] | He would spend the rest of it in hospitals | 战争余下的日子 他将在医院度过 |
| [57:00] | having multiple operations | 他粉碎性骨折的腿 |
| [57:01] | on his shattered leg. | 将接受多重手术 |
| [57:03] | Here I am, leaving the war, | 我就那样离开了战争 |
| [57:06] | taken out by a bag of mule feed. | 被一袋骡食砸出了战场 |
| [57:12] | In northern France, | 法国北部 |
| [57:13] | the fighting slowed as the snows came. | 降雪减缓了战争 |
| [57:16] | The bad weather helped mask | 糟糕的天气隐藏了 |
| [57:18] | a huge German buildup, | 大队德国士兵的踪迹 |
| [57:19] | twenty-four divisions | 阿登森林边 |
| [57:20] | near the Ardennes Forest. | 集结了二十四个师 |
| [57:23] | The ardennes were cruel in the sense | 由于极度严寒 |
| [57:25] | that it was critically cold | 阿登的环境很残酷 |
| [57:27] | and it was very difficult to find somewhere | 并且很难找到 |
| [57:30] | that you could hide from. | 能躲避的地方 |
| [57:33] | The Ardennes did not have big trees. | 阿登森林没有大树 |
| [57:36] | You had to be very careful | 你必须非常谨慎 |
| [57:38] | and get down at the base of a tree trunk… | 还要躲在树干的底部 |
| [57:43] | And dig as deeply as you could | 尽你所能地 |
| [57:44] | to protect yourself | 挖到最深 |
| [57:46] | from the standpoint of getting injured. | 避免自己在站立点受伤 |
| [57:49] | Or… finished. | 或…阵亡 |
| [57:53] | In December, the Americans man in this line | 12月 这条战线上的美军 |
| [57:55] | were often isolated in small units. | 常常分小队行动 |
| [57:57] | Communications between them were poor. | 队与队之间的通信很差 |
| [58:04] | They were not expecting the battle | 他们并未预料到12月16日 |
| [58:07] | that began on December 16th. | 发生的那场战斗 |
| [58:09] | Many of the G.I.s fought tenaciously, | 许多美国士兵顽强地战斗着 |
| [58:12] | though they were often completely | 但他们往往 |
| [58:13] | surrounded by the enemy. | 被敌人完全包围 |
| [58:18] | The “Bulge”, Hitler’s | “楔形战役” 希特勒 |
| [58:19] | last great gamble of the war, | 在战争中最后一次的豪赌 |
| [58:21] | eventually extended 50 miles eastward. | 最终向东突围了五十英里 |
| [58:23] | But it did not burst. | 但并没有扭转战局 |
| [58:25] | It’s hard to see from these pictures, | 虽然从照片上很难看出来 |
| [58:27] | but this engagement eventually | 但这次战斗最后 |
| [58:29] | involved more soldiers… | 卷入了六十万士兵 |
| [58:31] | 600,000 of them… | 比美国史上 |
| [58:33] | than any battle in U.S. History. | 任何一个战役都要多 |
| [58:36] | 20,000 Americans died in the Ardennes. | 两万美军葬身阿登 |
| [58:39] | Another 20,000 were wounded. | 另有两万人受伤 |
| [58:41] | Among them was a cameraman | 他们之中有一个 |
| [58:43] | named Jim Bates, | 名叫吉姆·贝兹的摄影师 |
| [58:44] | who had been in the war since D-Day. | 他从登陆日起便投身于战争之中 |
| [58:47] | At the Bulge, he did | 楔形战役中 |
| [58:48] | what a lot of gis did. | 和许多美军士兵一样 |
| [58:50] | He hitched a ride on a tank. | 搭坦克便车 |
| [58:52] | Their motors provided warmth. | 它们的引擎能让人暖起来 |
| [58:56] | I rattled this one tank and | 我叫住那辆坦克 |
| [58:57] | asked if I could ride on the back. | 问我能不能坐在车背上 |
| [58:59] | A lid flew open, and he says, | 盖子滑开 他问道 |
| [59:01] | “Can you fire a machine gun?” | “你会用机关枪吗” |
| [59:03] | I said I had my basics with | 我说我在第十一装甲师 |
| [59:05] | the 11th Armored Division. | 学了点皮毛 |
| [59:06] | And the guys like picked | 那些家伙几乎是 |
| [59:07] | me up bodily practically | 把我整个人抓起来 |
| [59:08] | and put me in the bow gunner’s position. | 放在了机枪的位置上 |
| [59:12] | Bates didn’t know it, | 贝兹并不知道 |
| [59:13] | but he was heading into battle | 他正走在和德国 |
| [59:14] | with German tiger tanks. | 虎式坦克战斗的路上 |
| [59:18] | He grabbed these unique | 他拍下了 |
| [59:20] | shots of a German ambulance | 一辆德国救护车 |
| [59:21] | aiding one of their wounded tank crews. | 为一位受伤的德国坦克兵治疗的画面 |
| [59:24] | I could see that the number one tank | 我能看见一辆敌军坦克 |
| [59:25] | had passed an open area | 经过开阔地段 |
| [59:27] | and was firing uphill. | 从坡上向我们开火 |
| [59:30] | About that time, I could | 当时我还能 |
| [59:31] | hear this “Kah-thunk”, | 听见炮弹掠过的声音 |
| [59:32] | And the commander says, | 指挥官说 |
| [59:33] | “Get the hell out of here. | “快该死的离开这儿 |
| [59:34] | They’re shooting on us board side.” | 他们正从宽阔地射击我们” |
| [59:36] | About that time, that | 就在那刻 |
| [59:37] | second “whoom” came along, | 第二次轰响又来了 |
| [59:39] | And it felt like a train hit me in the back. | 感觉就像背后被火车撞了 |
| [59:42] | I didn’t know whether I was dead or alive. | 我不知道自己是否还活着 |
| [59:44] | I could hear him screaming, | 我能听到他喊着 |
| [59:45] | “If you’re not hit, | “你要是没被打中 |
| [59:46] | get up as soon as you can. | 就快点爬上来 |
| [59:47] | If he starts that tank again, | 要是他能开动坦克 |
| [59:49] | he’s going to run over you. “ | 就会碾过你” |
| [59:50] | I looked back, and my camera was laying | 我回头 看见相机 |
| [59:52] | under the tank treads. | 就在坦克履带下 |
| [59:54] | That’s what made me move, | 那才让我动了起来 |
| [59:55] | and on the radio they said, | 他们在对讲机里说 |
| [59:57] | “You get up here right | “快带一辆 |
| [59:58] | quick with the medic’s jeep.” | 医疗车过来” |
| [59:59] | They said, “A photographer’s been hit, | “有个摄影师被击中了 |
| [1:00:00] | and there ‘s not enough of them left | 已经没剩下多少人 |
| [1:00:01] | to photograph the rest of the war. “ | 来拍摄接下来的战争场景了” |
| [1:00:03] | I said “I’ll ride on | 我说”我坐发动机罩上吧 |
| [1:00:05] | the hood, I don’t care, I said. | 我不介意 |
| [1:00:06] | “I could lay down. It’ll be a warm | 我刚好可以躺在 |
| [1:00:07] | place to be for a bit. “ | 暖和一点的地方” |
| [1:00:10] | Ignoring his wounds, Bates kept on shooting | 即使身上带伤 贝兹依旧在拍摄 |
| [1:00:13] | as the tank rumbled toward the rear. | 坦克轰隆隆地开向后方 |
| [1:00:16] | Arosi saw me, the fellow | 平时与我合作的 |
| [1:00:17] | I’d normally work with. | 阿罗西看见了我 |
| [1:00:18] | He was my buddy and shooting partner, and he said, | 他是我战友和摄影伙伴 他说 |
| [1:00:21] | “The hospital’s next door. I’ll take you. “ | “医院就在附近 我带你去” |
| [1:00:23] | I said, “Not yet. Get on your typewriter. | 我说”等等 把你的打字机拿来 |
| [1:00:25] | I’m going to dictate to you | 我要口述整件事情的 |
| [1:00:26] | what, where, why and when.” | 经过和细节” |
| [1:00:28] | He says, “you won’t quit, will you?” | 他说”你不会死吧” |
| [1:00:30] | and I said, “No way.” | 我说”绝对不会” |
| [1:00:32] | The situation remained fluid for days, | 几天之内 情况一直变化多端 |
| [1:00:35] | especially for Doug Wood. | 尤其是对道格·伍德来说 |
| [1:00:38] | Ailing with flu, | 因流感而不适的他 |
| [1:00:39] | he took refuge in the | 在一个指挥点的 |
| [1:00:40] | basement of a command post. | 地下室里休息 |
| [1:00:41] | He sent his driver and | 他把司机和摄影助手派去 |
| [1:00:43] | stills man for more film, | 拿更多的胶片 |
| [1:00:44] | then fell asleep. | 然后睡着了 |
| [1:00:48] | He did not hear the order | 着起火时 |
| [1:00:48] | to evacuate the C.P. | 他没有听见 |
| [1:00:50] | when it came under fire. | 疏散指挥部的命令 |
| [1:00:54] | My still guy at that time was a | 我当时的照相助手是个新人 |
| [1:00:57] | new guy, a replacement. | 他是替补 |
| [1:00:58] | And he told the driver, | 他对那个叫 |
| [1:00:59] | whose name was Ivan Babcock, | 伊万·巴布考克的司机说 |
| [1:01:02] | “Babcock, there’s some guys | “巴布考克 那里 |
| [1:01:03] | over there in funny hats, | 有些家伙带着滑稽的帽子 |
| [1:01:05] | and I think they’re shooting at us.” | 我想他们在朝我们开枪” |
| [1:01:06] | And the driver told me, | 司机告诉我 |
| [1:01:09] | He said, “l could see their | 他说”我能看见他们的 |
| [1:01:11] | tracers going past my nose.” | 弹道擦过我鼻子” |
| [1:01:14] | But he wouldn’t stop. | 但他没停下 |
| [1:01:17] | like the other guys had stopped there, | 有些人停住了 |
| [1:01:18] | and they’d captured them. | 就被抓了 |
| [1:01:21] | He just drove on through and | 他就那么开着车 |
| [1:01:22] | let them keep shooting at him. | 任那些人一直朝他们开枪 |
| [1:01:26] | What Babcock drove through | 巴布考克开车躲过的 |
| [1:01:27] | was the Malmedy Massacre. | 是马尔梅迪大屠杀 |
| [1:01:29] | It was the war’s worst atrocity | 那是战争中美国士兵 |
| [1:01:31] | visited on American soldiers. | 所经受的最严重的暴行 |
| [1:01:33] | Somewhere between 71 and 129 G.I.s… | 约七十一到一百二十九名美国士兵 |
| [1:01:37] | the number remains in dispute… | 他们的准确人数仍有争议 |
| [1:01:39] | were rounded up and shot by S.S. troops. | 被纳粹党卫军赶到一起 并枪杀 |
| [1:01:44] | They had infiltrated our lines, | 他们渗入我军防线 |
| [1:01:46] | some of them wearing American uniforms. | 其中有人还身着美军制服 |
| [1:01:50] | In this last-gasp German effort, | 在这德军最后的反扑中 |
| [1:01:51] | many of their troops were teenagers. | 许多战士是青少年 |
| [1:01:56] | The Germans all escaped | 马尔梅迪大屠杀的德军 |
| [1:01:58] | serious punishment for Malmedy | 在战犯法庭上 |
| [1:01:59] | at the war crimes trials. | 都逃脱了严重处罚 |
| [1:02:04] | The weather lifted in late December, | 12月底天气转晴 |
| [1:02:05] | and air operations resumed. | 恢复了空中行动 |
| [1:02:08] | I was fortunate enough, or unfortunate, | 我很幸运 或说不幸 |
| [1:02:10] | whichever way you want to look at it, | 这就看你从哪个角度来看了 |
| [1:02:12] | to lead the greatest air | 领导了二战中 |
| [1:02:14] | combat battle of World War II. | 最伟大的空中战役 |
| [1:02:16] | There was eight of us. | 我们有八架飞机 |
| [1:02:18] | We had climbed up over the field, | 我们飞到战场上空 |
| [1:02:20] | and we were what they called “joining up” | 我们当时正在集结 |
| [1:02:22] | when 900 German | 与此同时九百架 |
| [1:02:23] | fighters made an attack | 德军战斗机 |
| [1:02:25] | on the front on | 于1945年1月1日 |
| [1:02:26] | January 1, 1945. | 在前线发起了攻击 |
| [1:02:28] | The squadron leader… | 我们中队长 |
| [1:02:29] | A squadron would normally be 12 airplanes, | 一个中队一般有十二架飞机 |
| [1:02:31] | but we had eight… he couldn’t see them. | 但我们当时只有八架 他看不见敌机 |
| [1:02:34] | He said, “You take over the flight.” | 他说”你来开吧” |
| [1:02:37] | and I dropped five of them right on the field. | 我击落了五架敌机 |
| [1:02:41] | The pilots, armed with their gun cameras, | 装备着摄影机枪的飞行员们 |
| [1:02:43] | were also combat cameramen. | 同样是战地摄影师 |
| [1:02:46] | Hitler had decided | 希特勒决定 |
| [1:02:48] | that he would deploy all | 调动他手里 |
| [1:02:49] | of the fighters he had | 所有战斗机 |
| [1:02:52] | to knock out the fighter fields | 对空中战场发起毁灭式攻击 |
| [1:02:55] | to support the Battle of the Bulge, | 以支援楔形战役 |
| [1:02:57] | and they were going to do it in early December, | 他们欲于12月上旬展开作战 |
| [1:02:59] | which would have been very effective. | 那样效果本会很好 |
| [1:03:02] | Weather wasn’t good. | 但因天气不好 |
| [1:03:03] | They put it off and put it off and said, | 他们一次又一次地推迟日期 说 |
| [1:03:05] | “January 1st, these guys | “1月1日 他们一定 |
| [1:03:07] | will all be in bed. “ | 都在睡觉” |
| [1:03:12] | It was all over the front. | 行动覆盖了整条前线 |
| [1:03:13] | It wasn’t just at our field. | 不仅仅是我们空中战场 |
| [1:03:14] | It was at the British field. | 还波及到了英国战场 |
| [1:03:16] | It was at all the northern airfields. | 整个北部空战区 |
| [1:03:21] | I later got a hold of | 后来我看过一些 |
| [1:03:23] | Hermann Goering’s interviews. | 对赫尔曼·戈林的访问 |
| [1:03:25] | In those interviews, Goering said | 戈林在那些采访中说 |
| [1:03:28] | the largest loss that the German Luftwaffe ever had | 德国空军最大的失利 |
| [1:03:33] | was the loss on January 1 st. | 是1月1日那场败仗 |
| [1:03:35] | Mel Paisley, who was also | 本片首席研究员 |
| [1:03:37] | this film’s chief researcher, | 梅尔·佩斯利 |
| [1:03:39] | was decorated with | 曾被授以 |
| [1:03:40] | the distinguished service cross. | 杰出服务勋章 |
| [1:03:42] | Over the course of the war, | 战争期间 |
| [1:03:43] | he shot down nine planes. | 他击落了九架敌机 |
| [1:03:45] | The Battle of the Bulge | 1945年1月7日 |
| [1:03:48] | ended January 7, 1945. | 楔形战役结束 |
| [1:03:49] | Germany was now largely open to the allies. | 同盟军如今几乎可在德国畅行无阻 |
| [1:03:55] | Italy 1945. | 1945年 意大利 |
| [1:03:57] | Dictator Benito Mussolini | 独裁者贝尼诺·墨索里尼 |
| [1:03:59] | was deposed and exiled. | 被废黜并流放 |
| [1:04:00] | The government surrendered, | 政府宣布投降 |
| [1:04:01] | and the populace turned viciously | 民众们满怀敌意地 |
| [1:04:03] | on their former allies. | 开始反对前统治者 |
| [1:04:07] | I went to the C.P. | 我去了指挥部 |
| [1:04:08] | to find out what was happening | 想一探究竟 |
| [1:04:10] | and was told they had captured Mussolini | 被告知他们抓到了墨索里尼 |
| [1:04:12] | and General Crittenberger | 特里藤伯格将军 |
| [1:04:14] | was to take his surrender. | 准备去接受他的投降 |
| [1:04:15] | I went down to the C.P. | 第二天早上大约五点钟 |
| [1:04:18] | about 5: 00 the following morning, | 我去到指挥部 |
| [1:04:19] | And here’s a limousine with | 那里有一辆高级轿车 |
| [1:04:21] | three German officers in it. | 里面坐着三位德国高官 |
| [1:04:23] | They’d been picked up by | 他们是被 |
| [1:04:23] | the 1st armored division. | 第一装甲师抓住的 |
| [1:04:24] | They’d run into a roadblock and captured. | 他们开车撞到了路障 并被抓获 |
| [1:04:27] | I went to Crit and said, | 我去找克里特 问他 |
| [1:04:29] | “What are you going to do?” | “你准备怎么办” |
| [1:04:29] | He said, “I’m going to | 他说”我准备让 |
| [1:04:30] | get this bird’s surrender.” | 这帮鸟人投降” |
| [1:04:32] | I said, “What about Mussolini?” | 我说”那墨索里尼怎么办” |
| [1:04:34] | he said, “Mussolini will have to wait.” | 他说”墨索里尼也得等等” |
| [1:04:35] | I’ll never forget that line. | 我从没忘记过这句话 |
| [1:04:37] | He said to him, | 他对他说 |
| [1:04:38] | “General, we’re both professionals. | “将军 我们都是专业人士 |
| [1:04:40] | he said “You can’t get out. | 你们不可能突围 |
| [1:04:42] | The passes are all closed. | 关卡全都封闭了 |
| [1:04:43] | “The smart thing to do is | 带利古里亚军投降 |
| [1:04:45] | surrender the Ligurian Army. | 才是明智的行为” |
| [1:04:47] | Which is the last intact enemy army. | 那是最后一支完整的敌军 |
| [1:04:51] | Went back to see Crit, | 我回去见特里 |
| [1:04:52] | and he was sitting on a rail | 他正坐在栏杆上 |
| [1:04:53] | and sort of dreaming, and he said, | 在发呆 他说 |
| [1:04:56] | “Montagne, do you know that | “蒙坦格 知道吗 |
| [1:04:57] | every cadet at West Point | 西点军校里的每一个军官学员 |
| [1:04:59] | dreams of the day when | 都梦想着敌军 |
| [1:05:01] | an enemy army surrenders to him. | 向他投降的那一天 |
| [1:05:04] | Today it happened to me.” | 今天 我终于看见了” |
| [1:05:06] | Crittenberger’s decision | 特里藤伯格的决定 |
| [1:05:07] | doomed Mussolini, | 将墨索里尼和 |
| [1:05:08] | his mistress, Clara Petacci, | 他的情妇克拉拉·贝塔西 |
| [1:05:10] | and other fascists | 以及其他法西斯的命 |
| [1:05:11] | to death at the hands of partisan guerillas. | 送到了党游击队的手上 |
| [1:05:14] | Their bodies were displayed in Milan. | 在米兰 他们被悬尸示众 |
| [1:05:16] | It had been going on for quite some time | 当我们到那儿时 |
| [1:05:18] | when we got there. | 已经有好一阵子了 |
| [1:05:20] | And we photographed what we could. | 我们拍下所能拍到的一切 |
| [1:05:23] | We got the crowds. | 我们拍下人群 |
| [1:05:24] | We got Mussolini hanging upside down, | 我们拍下被倒吊着的墨索里尼 |
| [1:05:27] | Petacci alongside him. | 以及他身侧的贝塔西 |
| [1:05:29] | I remember her skirt had fallen over her face, | 我记得她的裙子落到了她的脸上 |
| [1:05:32] | And a woman came and pinned her skirt | 一个女人去把她的裙子 |
| [1:05:34] | between her legs so she wasn’t exposed. | 别在双腿间以免走光 |
| [1:05:38] | They cut him down… I remember he got his head hit… | 他们把他割下来 我记得他摔到了头 |
| [1:05:40] | And picked him up. | 然后抬起他 |
| [1:05:42] | The partisans were running it. We had nothing to do with it. | 这都是游击队组织的 我们并没有参与 |
| [1:05:50] | They took them over to the morgue. | 他们把夫妇带到停尸房里 |
| [1:05:52] | There were bodies all over the place. | 那里到处都是尸体 |
| [1:05:54] | You had to walk on two or three bodies to get to where Mussolini was. | 你必须走过两三具尸体 才能找到墨索里尼 |
| [1:05:58] | And I asked the morgue attendant, | 我问停尸房工作人员 |
| [1:06:01] | “Can you get him in the light?” | “你能把他移到光线下吗” |
| [1:06:03] | He said, “Lieutenant, if I move him, his head will fall apart. “ | 他说”中尉 如果我碰他 他头就会掉下来” |
| [1:06:07] | So he got Petacci, pulled her over | 他把贝塔西拉过去 |
| [1:06:08] | and put her head on his shoulder. | 把她的头摆在他肩膀上 |
| [1:06:10] | Became quite a famous shot. | 那变成了一张著名照片 |
| [1:06:16] | Meantime, Nazi Germany was in its death throes, | 同时 纳粹德国也即将覆灭 |
| [1:06:19] | But it desperately fought on. | 但是它依然垂死挣扎 |
| [1:06:21] | Everything that could happen to me, | 从摄影角度来说 |
| [1:06:24] | Photographically speaking, did happen that day. | 那天我拍到所能拍到的最佳画面 |
| [1:06:29] | The place was Cologne. | 在科隆 |
| [1:06:30] | The date was March 6, 1945. | 1945年3月6日 |
| [1:06:33] | The street fighting was intense. | 巷战非常激烈 |
| [1:06:38] | It was often impossible to tell soldiers from civilians. | 通常很难区分士兵和平民 |
| [1:06:41] | Sometimes the victims caught in the crossfire | 有时交火中负伤的受害者 |
| [1:06:43] | were entirely innocent. | 完全无辜 |
| [1:06:47] | By this time we had a new T-26. | 那时我们有了新型T-26坦克 |
| [1:06:49] | The T-26 was so far ahead of the old Shermans, it was unbelievable. | 比老式的谢尔曼坦克要先进的多 |
| [1:06:54] | This German tank was sitting in front of the Cologne Cathedral. | 有一辆德国坦克驻守在科隆大教堂前 |
| [1:06:57] | It had knocked out a number of our tanks and causing havoc. | 它已经击坏了我们的很多坦克 造成极大损失 |
| [1:07:01] | They had control over that whole area. | 他们控制了那整个区域 |
| [1:07:05] | Bates followed the tank into battle, | 贝兹跟随坦克进入战场 |
| [1:07:07] | and, scrambling for position, | 然后勉强找到一个位置 |
| [1:07:09] | got this great footage of armored combat. | 拍下了这段伟大的铁甲之战 |
| [1:07:12] | I heard our T-26 coming up. | 我听到我们的T-26坦克过来 |
| [1:07:15] | The first shot went in | 第一发炮弹 |
| [1:07:16] | and cut the legs off of the tank commander in the Tiger. | 打断了虎式坦克指挥官的腿 |
| [1:07:21] | In the film you can see the armor-piercing shell | 影片中你能看到穿甲弹 |
| [1:07:24] | Going through the bottom of the picture. | 飞过画面底部 |
| [1:07:27] | Immediately, the driver and bow gunner, they climbed out, | 很快地 驾驶员和机炮手爬了出来 |
| [1:07:31] | But the second shot shrapnel had gotten them, too. | 但是第二发榴弹炮干掉了他们 |
| [1:07:34] | The concussion from that 90-millimeter gun | 九十毫米机关炮的冲击波 |
| [1:07:37] | is so tremendous that it would just blow me off my picture, | 如此之大 镜头都震歪了 |
| [1:07:41] | and I’d have to get back on it again. | 我必须不断稳住镜头 |
| [1:07:43] | I couldn’t use a tripod. I had to hand hold it. | 我不能用三脚架 只能用手拿着 |
| [1:07:48] | The tank commander that had his legs cut off | 断腿的坦克指挥官 |
| [1:07:50] | just laid on top of his tank and | 躺在坦克顶上 |
| [1:07:52] | burned up in front of the camera. | 在镜头前烧了起来 |
| [1:07:55] | That thing was burning even the next morning. | 坦克一直烧到第二天早晨 |
| [1:07:58] | After it was all over, there was still smoke coming out of it | 火灭以后 还有烟从中冒出 |
| [1:08:00] | because it had so much ammunition and what not in it. | 因为它装了太多弹药 |
| [1:08:05] | Two months and one day later, the war in Europe was over. | 两个月零一天后 欧洲的战争结束 |
| [1:08:11] | Its dead, its “crusaders” as General Eisenhower called them, | 战争的”殉道者” 如艾森豪威尔将军所说 |
| [1:08:14] | rest in cemeteries all over Europe. | 长眠于欧洲各处公墓中 |
| [1:08:17] | If anything, their deeds are more revered now | 他们的功绩在今天 |
| [1:08:19] | than they were at the time. | 愈发令人敬畏 |
| [1:08:22] | Some of their immortality derives from the photographic record. | 其中很多人因影像资料而名垂青史 |
| [1:08:26] | The combat cameramen recorded the last days, | 战地摄影师记录下了他们最后的 |
| [1:08:30] | hours, moments, even the last breath of many of those who lie here. | 日子 瞬间 甚至是最后一口呼吸 |
| [1:08:35] | It isn’t something that they talk about very much. | 摄影师对他们的作为从不声张 |
| [1:08:38] | It was, as they say, just a part of their job. | 他们说”这只是我工作的一部分” |
| [1:08:43] | But it was a more important job than they knew. | 但这工作的重要性远超于此 |
| [1:08:46] | For the film they made is now beginning to outlive memory. | 记忆会消逝 而影片不会 |
| [1:08:51] | Eventually it will be the only recollection made on the spot | 最终 影片会成为当时战事的唯一佐证 |
| [1:08:55] | of how our citizen soldiers lived, | 见证战士们如何生存 |
| [1:08:58] | fought and died. | 战斗和阵亡 |
| [1:09:01] | The cameramen in Europe had one more duty to history. | 欧洲的摄影师还有一项历史重任 |
| [1:09:04] | It was unquestionably their most important one. | 无疑也是最重要的一项 |
| [1:09:07] | That was recording the horrors of the death camps. | 便是记录集中营的恐怖景象 |
| [1:09:10] | At Dachau, Walter Rosenblum was too shocked to shoot. | 在达豪 沃尔特因过于震惊而无法拍摄 |
| [1:09:14] | These pictures were made by others. | 此片段由他人拍摄 |
| [1:09:17] | There was a group of boxcars. | 那里有一列货车车厢 |
| [1:09:19] | I climbed up the boxcar to see what was inside. | 我爬上车厢 想看看里面是什么 |
| [1:09:22] | And the boxcar was full of dead people, | 车厢里全是死人 |
| [1:09:24] | and there were about 30,40 boxcars along that road. | 而铁轨上有三四十节车厢 |
| [1:09:28] | When I looked in, I was so shocked. | 看到里面的情景 我太过震惊 |
| [1:09:30] | Could you imagine, not having seen anything like that before, | 你能想象吗 我一生从未见过如此惨象 |
| [1:09:34] | To see a boxcar full of dead, emaciated people? | 突然看到满车骨瘦如柴的死尸 |
| [1:09:39] | At that particular moment, | 在那一瞬间 |
| [1:09:40] | I forgot I was a photographer. | 我忘记了自己是个摄影师 |
| [1:09:42] | I was just overcome by it all. | 我完全被惊呆了 |
| [1:09:45] | I was on assignment with Ellis Carter, | 我和埃利斯·卡特一同执行任务 |
| [1:09:47] | and we went into Germany to cover bomb damage | 我们前往德国拍摄盟军空军的 |
| [1:09:50] | that was done by the allied air power. | 轰炸效果 |
| [1:09:53] | On april 11th, the 3rd U.S. Army liberated Buchenwald, | 4月11日 美国陆军第三师解放了布痕瓦尔德 |
| [1:09:57] | And when we heard of this, we immediately drove over there. | 我们听说此事后 立刻开车前往 |
| [1:10:01] | What the cameramen found behind these gates | 摄影师在这扇门后发现的情况 |
| [1:10:04] | was beyond their imagining, | 远超他们的想象 |
| [1:10:06] | but the inhumanity they recorded | 他们所记录下的残暴 |
| [1:10:08] | is literally undeniable. | 不容辩驳 |
| [1:10:10] | As a soldier in the American army, | 作为一名美军士兵 |
| [1:10:12] | I had no knowledge of these camps | 我根本不知集中营的存在 |
| [1:10:14] | and had not heard anything about it. | 之前也从未听说过 |
| [1:10:19] | It was horrible. | 太恐怖了 |
| [1:10:20] | There was bodies stacked up like cordwood. | 尸体像木材一样堆积成山 |
| [1:10:25] | We judged them to be about 60 to 80 pounds in weight, | 我们估计他们只有六七十斤重 |
| [1:10:28] | And people were actually dying, day by day, | 即使在集中营被解放后 |
| [1:10:32] | even after the camp was liberated. | 每天依然有人死亡 |
| [1:10:36] | Many of the prisoners could not speak English, of course, | 很多囚犯都不会说英语 |
| [1:10:39] | but they raised their hands to us | 但他们向我们伸出手 |
| [1:10:41] | and showed their gratitude for us freeing them. | 感谢我们解救了他们 |
| [1:10:45] | This camp had about 20,000 survivors at the time of liberation, | 这个集中营在解放时有两万名幸存者 |
| [1:10:49] | And about 8,000 of them were children. | 其中八千为儿童 |
| [1:10:57] | There was a section where they displayed tattooed skins | 营中有一处用来展示纹身人皮 |
| [1:11:01] | Which were made into lampshades and book covers. | 这些人皮被做成灯罩和书皮 |
| [1:11:05] | The German commandant’s wife would select tattooed men | 德军高官之妻会挑选有纹身的人 |
| [1:11:10] | to be doomed to die and then use their skin. | 将其处死 取其皮肤 |
| [1:11:14] | After a few days, the German civilians of the town | 几天后 居住在布痕瓦尔德附近 |
| [1:11:18] | right next to Buchenwald called Weimar | 一座叫魏玛镇的平民 |
| [1:11:22] | were paraded through on a tour of the camp to show the atrocities | 被带来亲眼目睹集中营的惨象 |
| [1:11:26] | and to show them what the Germans had done. | 向他们展示德国人的罪行 |
| [1:11:32] | Many of them wouldn ‘t even look at the torture or the bodies. | 很多人都不敢看那些饱经折磨的尸体 |
| [1:11:38] | Some of them were crying. | 有些人在哭泣 |
| [1:11:39] | Some of them had their mouth and nose covered | 有些人 尤其是女性 |
| [1:11:42] | with their handkerchiefs, especially women. | 用她们的手巾捂住嘴鼻 |
| [1:11:46] | So, in the filming that we did, you could see this evident | 所以在我们拍摄的影片中你能看到 |
| [1:11:51] | where they just kept going through | 他们埋头前行 |
| [1:11:53] | because they had to. | 因为他们不得不如此 |
| [1:11:54] | They weren’t too interested in looking at the… | 他们不敢直视… |
| [1:11:58] | at the atrocities. | 这暴行 |
| [1:12:05] | There was a lot of people that didn’t believe in this. | 很多人都不相信这是真的 |
| [1:12:08] | They didn’t believe that it happened. | 他们不信发生了这样的事 |
| [1:12:10] | But here we had it on film. | 但我们有胶片作证 |
| [1:12:14] | I think in all the time that I was over there, | 我想在我经历的战事中 |
| [1:12:16] | this experience stood out pretty much in my mind. | 这段记忆最难以磨灭 |
| [1:12:20] | It took a while to get over it. | 我花了很久才平息心境 |
| [1:12:22] | It was something that you wouldn’t want to see, | 那是你不想再次看到景象 |
| [1:12:26] | you wouldn’t want to go through again. | 你不想再经历一次 |
| [1:12:30] | The horrors of the concentration camp | 集中营的惨象 |
| [1:12:32] | had a more immediate effect on Art Mainzer. | 对阿特·迈因策尔有更直接的影响 |
| [1:12:35] | After what he had seen, he yearned for normalcy. | 目睹惨剧后 他渴望正常生活 |
| [1:12:39] | I met her in Paris | 我和她在巴黎相识 |
| [1:12:41] | the day before the Battle of the Bulge started. | 早在”楔形战役”之前 |
| [1:12:44] | Believe it or not, we were walking down the boulevard | 信不信由你 我当时在林荫大道上行走 |
| [1:12:46] | and it started snowing, and my buddy and I | 天空开始下雪 我和我伙计 |
| [1:12:50] | saw these two lovely looking ladies under an umbrella. | 看见了两位美丽的女士打着伞 |
| [1:12:53] | So we sneaked in under the umbrella with them | 然后我们钻到伞下 |
| [1:12:56] | and introduced ourselves. | 并介绍了自己 |
| [1:12:58] | I made the decision | 在执行完 |
| [1:12:59] | after I covered the Buchenwald assignment. | 布痕瓦尔德拍摄任务后 |
| [1:13:03] | I said, “If I ever get back to France alive, | 我决定如果我能活着回法国 |
| [1:13:05] | I’m going to ask Germaine to marry me. “ | 我就要向杰敏求婚 |
| [1:13:09] | Being a camera unit, we had three 16-millimeter cameras | 作为摄像师部队 我们有十六毫米照相机 |
| [1:13:13] | and a couple of speed graphics for the still photos. | 和几台快速成片相机 |
| [1:13:17] | We had gotten some cases of champagne | 我们找到了几箱德国人 |
| [1:13:19] | that the Germans had looted from the French. | 从法国掠夺走的香槟酒 |
| [1:13:22] | So we got it back to France. | 我们把酒又夺回了法国 |
| [1:13:24] | And a lot of French people showed up | 来了很多法国人 |
| [1:13:26] | because in this suburb of Paris they had not had a formal wedding | 因为在占领时期的法国郊区 |
| [1:13:30] | like this during the occupation. | 他们很久没有举行过像样的婚礼 |
| [1:13:33] | So it was quite an event for them. | 所以对他们来说也是大事 |
| [1:13:35] | It was a June wedding, | 婚礼在6月举行 |
| [1:13:36] | the month after V.E. Day. | 也就是欧战胜利日的一个月后 |
| [1:13:39] | These pictures were his unit’s gift to the bride and groom. | 这些影像是他的小队送给新娘和新郎的礼物 |
| [1:13:42] | The Mainzers would live their lives together in the United States | 迈因策尔一家后来幸福的生活在美国 |
| [1:13:45] | until Germaine passed away in 1998 | 直到杰敏于1998年去世 |
| [1:13:48] | after almost 53 years of marriage. | 他们相伴了近五十三年 |
| [1:13:55] | Iwo Jima, February 1945. | 硫磺岛 1945年2月 |
| [1:13:57] | As the Americans came closer to the Japanese mainland, | 随着美军不断向日军控制的岛内逼近 |
| [1:14:00] | fighting in the Pacific grew still more bitter. | 太平洋之战变得更加残酷 |
| [1:14:04] | The bombardment crumbled one side of Iwo’s key bastion, | 炮击粉碎了硫磺岛一侧的主要工事 |
| [1:14:07] | mount Suribachi. | 摺钵山 |
| [1:14:08] | But it took five bloody days for the Marines | 但海军陆战队血战了五天 |
| [1:14:10] | to fight their way to its summit. | 才夺取了山顶制高点 |
| [1:14:13] | When the Marines set out to place a conqueror’s flag on Suribachi, | 当陆战队员准备在摺钵山插上占领旗帜时 |
| [1:14:16] | they still encountered resistance. | 敌军仍有抵抗 |
| [1:14:19] | But they persevered, and the flag was raised. | 但他们坚持不懈 竖起了旗帜 |
| [1:14:23] | Unfortunately, it lacked properly heroic proportions. | 可惜的是 画面缺乏英雄主义气息 |
| [1:14:26] | Something would have to be done. | 而英雄主义不可或缺 |
| [1:14:28] | It was too small to be seen by anybody. | 旗太小 看起来很不起眼 |
| [1:14:30] | So the commanding General down there | 所以当时的将军指挥官 |
| [1:14:32] | figured we better get a bigger flag. | 决定用一面更大的旗 |
| [1:14:34] | So they went out and got some of the LSTs that were there, | 于是他们跑去岸边找登陆舰 |
| [1:14:38] | and one of the LST commanders said, “When we stopped at pearl, | 一位登陆舰指挥官说”我们在珍珠港时 |
| [1:14:41] | we got a big flag, but we’ve never flown it. “ | 找了一大面国旗 但还从来没用过” |
| [1:14:43] | My boss came to me and said, | 我的长官对我说 |
| [1:14:44] | “Would you make sure we send photographers up. | “你去派几个人摄影师上去 |
| [1:14:47] | This is going to be considered the official flag raising. “ | 因为这才算是官方版的升旗” |
| [1:14:49] | So I said sure and I got in touch with Genaust and Bob Campbell. | 我说好的 然后找到杰诺斯特和鲍勃·坎贝尔 |
| [1:14:53] | Bill Genaust was the movie man, Bob Campbell the still. | 杰诺斯特是摄影师 鲍勃是照相师 |
| [1:14:55] | They hooked up with Rosenthal going up the hill. | 他们和罗森塔尔一起爬上山 |
| [1:14:58] | That was Joe Rosenthal of the Associated Press, | 这位就是美联社的乔·罗森塔尔 |
| [1:15:01] | a civilian photographer who had taken these pictures of the landing. | 一位民间摄影师 这些登陆照就是他拍的 |
| [1:15:07] | These are the shots Genaust took on that second climb. | 这些是杰诺斯特第二次上山时拍下的画面 |
| [1:15:11] | A few days later, he would be killed in action. | 几天后 他阵亡了 |
| [1:15:13] | He would not live to see the images he made. | 他无法亲眼看到自己拍下的影像 |
| [1:15:18] | People would always contest whether or not this was the first | 人们总是在争论 |
| [1:15:20] | or whether the other one was the first, | 哪张照片照的更早 |
| [1:15:24] | But Bob Campbell didn’t like the position | 鲍勃·坎贝尔当时觉得 |
| [1:15:26] | that the other two cameramen were in, | 其他两位摄像师所站位置不佳 |
| [1:15:28] | So he got over to the side, | 所以他往旁边移了移 |
| [1:15:30] | and he ‘s got a beautiful picture of the first flag coming down | 照下了第一面旗降下时 |
| [1:15:32] | and the second going up at the same time. | 第二面旗升起的美丽照片 |
| [1:15:36] | It was Rosenthal, however, | 但最终 罗森塔尔 |
| [1:15:37] | who got the immortal shot | 拍下了那张不朽的照片 |
| [1:15:39] | and a lifetime’s controversy, | 以及不休的争议 |
| [1:15:41] | for he shipped all his pictures back | 因为他是第一位将照片 |
| [1:15:42] | unseen and undeveloped. | 发回美国的人 |
| [1:15:45] | Joe gets on a boat about four days later and goes to Guam, | 乔四天后乘军舰前往关岛 |
| [1:15:49] | and he’s bombarded by press guys there saying, | 在那里他被记者围堵 |
| [1:15:52] | “what was this picture?” | 他们问”这是什么照片” |
| [1:15:53] | They had seen it now, | 他们都看过照片 |
| [1:15:55] | but they wanted to know what he thought about it. | 但他们想知道乔是怎么想的 |
| [1:15:57] | He says, “I don’t know. | 他问”你们说的是哪张 |
| [1:15:58] | Maybe it’s that picture I posed with the men under the flagpole | 是不是我和战士们在旗下摆拍的那张照片 |
| [1:16:03] | in the typical ‘banzai, raising their rifles.” | 我们举着枪 高呼万岁 |
| [1:16:06] | And that word “posed” got into the lexicon of the problem. | 而”摆拍”这词立刻造成了争议 |
| [1:16:11] | It’s hung in there for years and years and years. | 争议持续了很长时间 |
| [1:16:14] | That thing we have fought for 50 years to try to straighten out. | 我们五十年来一直努力澄清 |
| [1:16:18] | I thought at the end of the 50th anniversary we had it resolved, | 我本以为这事在五十周年纪念时已平息 |
| [1:16:22] | but I think it’ll probably go on for another 50. | 但我觉得恐怕争议还会再持续五十年 |
| [1:16:25] | The comparison between the movie footage | 通过对比 胶片资料 |
| [1:16:27] | and Rosenthal’s image is definitive. | 和罗森塔尔照片一致 |
| [1:16:30] | He took exactly the same shot Genaust did | 他和杰诺斯特拍摄的画面完全一样 |
| [1:16:32] | from virtually the same position. | 站位几乎完全相同 |
| [1:16:39] | This controversy, to some degree, | 争议在某种程度上 |
| [1:16:41] | masks the real story of Iwo Jima, | 掩盖了硫磺岛战役的真相 |
| [1:16:44] | its cost. | 巨大代价 |
| [1:16:45] | Almost 7, 000 Marines died here, | 约七千海军陆战队员 |
| [1:16:48] | along with 21, 000 Japanese. | 及两万一千名日军阵亡 |
| [1:16:51] | The Marines were awarded 27 Medals of Honor, | 海军陆战队被授予二十七枚荣誉勋章 |
| [1:16:55] | more than in any other engagement. | 多于任何其他战役 |
| [1:16:59] | Manila, spring of 1945. | 马尼拉 1945年春天 |
| [1:17:02] | It was now, unquestionably, | 在此时 毫无疑问 |
| [1:17:04] | “war without mercy” as one historian called it. | 正如史学家所说”毫不怜悯的战争” |
| [1:17:07] | The fires the Japanese set destroyed 70% of the city. | 日军纵火烧毁了城市的七成 |
| [1:17:10] | They killed 100,000 civilians in an orgy of destruction. | 覆灭前他们疯狂地屠杀了十万平民 |
| [1:17:15] | This act of vengeance on an innocent population | 这场对无辜百姓的报复 |
| [1:17:17] | was recorded by Don Honeyman. | 被唐·霍尼曼记录了下来 |
| [1:17:20] | The next day, the infantry was moving into the city, | 第二天 步兵进入城市 |
| [1:17:23] | and we got some very good street fighting. | 巷战非常激烈 |
| [1:17:33] | Honeyman then joined forces | 霍尼曼随后加入 |
| [1:17:35] | surrounding the Presidential Palace outside the city. | 围攻市外总统府的部队 |
| [1:17:38] | We were leaving the Palace aside and going to the gardens, | 我们暂时放弃总统府 转而前往花园 |
| [1:17:41] | which included the other side of the river. | 花园包括河两岸 |
| [1:17:43] | We had the north bank of the river, | 我们占据了河北岸 |
| [1:17:45] | and they had the south bank. | 他们控制着南岸 |
| [1:17:48] | So we made a crossing of the river in assault boats. | 所以我们乘坐突击艇准备登陆 |
| [1:17:53] | I watched one wave of boats go over, | 我看一波船过去了 |
| [1:17:55] | and they didn’t seem to have trouble. | 似乎没有什么麻烦 |
| [1:17:57] | So I figured it was safe to go on the second one. | 所以我决定跟第二波走 |
| [1:18:01] | We got out in the middle, | 驶到河中央时 |
| [1:18:02] | and the Japanese began to shoot at us | 日军开始向我们射击 |
| [1:18:05] | from the side of the river which we thought was ours, | 炮火来自我们自认为安全一边 |
| [1:18:08] | which we thought was hardly fair. | 这对我们太不利了 |
| [1:18:15] | The Americans brought up armored amphibious vehicles | 美军派来了装甲两栖车 |
| [1:18:17] | to bring their troops safely to shore. | 送部队安全上岸 |
| [1:18:21] | We came across a B.A.R. man | 我们碰见一个布朗宁自动步枪兵 |
| [1:18:23] | who happened to be down on his elbows | 他正好趴在一块标志旁 |
| [1:18:26] | next to a sign saying, “Please do not pick the flowers. “ | 上面写着”不准采花” |
| [1:18:33] | In the city, fighting remained intense. | 在城市中 战斗依然激烈 |
| [1:18:35] | A Japanese strongpoint was the Legislative Palace. | 立法大楼是日军的一处重要据点 |
| [1:18:40] | Eight-inch howitzers lined up side by side, | 八英寸榴弹炮并肩排开 |
| [1:18:43] | practically firing point-blank. | 直接开打 |
| [1:18:48] | Simply taking down the building stone by stone, practically. | 把建筑一块一块的拆掉 |
| [1:18:53] | Despite the incredible firepower leveled at them, | 尽管被重火力侵袭 |
| [1:18:56] | the Japanese hung on in the ruined palace. | 日军依然坚守着大楼废墟 |
| [1:18:58] | Infantry would have to root them out. | 步兵必须将他们个个清除 |
| [1:19:01] | Next day I went to cover | 第二天我去拍摄 |
| [1:19:03] | the transfer of civil government from MacArthur to the Filipinos. | 麦克阿瑟向菲律宾人移交国民政府 |
| [1:19:09] | And he said very proudly how Manila was now secure. | 他很骄傲的说 马尼拉现在安全了 |
| [1:19:14] | And I said, “All except the legislative building.” | 我心想”除了立法大楼以外” |
| [1:19:17] | Okinawa, Easter Sunday. | 冲绳岛 复活节 |
| [1:19:20] | The idea was to stage the invasion of Japan from this large island. | 美军准备以此岛为跳板 进攻日本 |
| [1:19:24] | Rather innocently, Lloyd Durant | 劳埃德·杜兰特临时起意 |
| [1:19:26] | decided to shoot a film on combat cameramen here. | 决定拍下这里的战地摄影师 |
| [1:19:29] | What better subject to put on film | 还有比战地摄影师的故事 |
| [1:19:33] | Than the story of the combat cameraman, | 更好的拍摄题材了吗 |
| [1:19:37] | who was practically unknown at the time. | 他们当时不为人所知 |
| [1:19:42] | We knew that our next operation was coming off in the Pacific. | 我知道我们下次行动在太平洋进行 |
| [1:19:47] | So I said, “let me go out there, | 我就想”让我去那里 |
| [1:19:49] | let me find the cameramen we have out there, | 找到那里的摄影师 |
| [1:19:53] | and presumably they will be in on the action, whatever it may be, | 估计他们正在执行任务 |
| [1:19:57] | and I want to be there photographing them photographing the action. “ | 我要拍下他们拍摄别人的画面” |
| [1:20:03] | So we hit the beach at Okinawa. | 我们登上了冲绳沙滩 |
| [1:20:09] | There I was, working with these guys, | 我在那里和他们一起工作 |
| [1:20:12] | creeping in foxholes, squirming along the beach | 爬在散兵坑里 匍匐在沙滩上 |
| [1:20:16] | and trying to keep the sand out of the camera | 试图让沙子不要进到摄像机 |
| [1:20:19] | and out of my mouth, | 或进到我的嘴里 |
| [1:20:20] | and they’re trying to do the same thing. | 他们也在做同样的事 |
| [1:20:24] | Also, there were a few bullets flying around. | 同时 子弹零星飞过 |
| [1:20:28] | The battle would continue for three months. | 战斗持续了三个月 |
| [1:20:31] | Among the casualties, the worst of the war, | 战争中伤亡最重的 |
| [1:20:34] | was a cameraman. | 就是摄影师 |
| [1:20:36] | He was a Navy cameraman. | 他是个海军摄影师 |
| [1:20:39] | Somehow or another, he was hit and blinded. | 不知何故 他被击中 失明了 |
| [1:20:42] | They had bandaged, in the field, his eyes, and some of it | 他们当场给他包扎 绷带的一部分 |
| [1:20:46] | Was still hanging down. | 挂在外面 |
| [1:20:48] | He, of course, could not see. | 他当然什么也看不到 |
| [1:20:50] | They brought him up on the side of | 他们把他扶到船边 |
| [1:20:52] | the ship, and he got to the top, | 他爬上去 |
| [1:20:55] | and he’s reaching for help. | 伸手求助 |
| [1:20:57] | He can’t see a thing. | 他看不见 |
| [1:20:59] | And his buddies reached up and took him down. | 他的伙计们上前扶他下来 |
| [1:21:02] | And our commentary is, | 我们的解说词是 |
| [1:21:04] | “For this cameraman, the picture was over.” | “对这位摄影师来说 影像已不在” |
| [1:21:07] | And that’s exactly what it was. | 事实也如此 |
| [1:21:10] | He never saw again. | 他再也没能复明 |
| [1:21:15] | Later that day, the Kamikazes came in. | 那天稍晚 神风敢死队来袭 |
| [1:21:20] | These were guys | 这些人 |
| [1:21:20] | who were dedicated to giving their lives for their country. | 为了他们的国家献身 |
| [1:21:26] | And they crashed into us. | 他们坠向我们 |
| [1:21:30] | Our antiaircraft guns were working at them full-time. | 我们防空火炮全天开火 |
| [1:21:40] | And our other problem was our own flak coming down | 而我们自己发射的防空弹落下后 |
| [1:21:45] | did as much damage to many of us | 对我们造成的伤害 |
| [1:21:47] | as did the Kamikazes, | 不亚于神风队 |
| [1:21:49] | because it’d go right through your helmet, | 因为防空弹会直接穿透头盔 |
| [1:21:51] | of course, if it hit you directly. | 一击必杀 |
| [1:21:54] | Bull Halsey said, | 博·豪西说过 |
| [1:21:55] | “The Kamikazes were the only weapon I feared in the war.” | “神风敢死队是我在战争中唯一惧怕的武器” |
| [1:21:59] | There were over 1,300 of these suicide attacks. | 有超过一千三百起自杀袭击 |
| [1:22:02] | They sank 26 ships and damaged 300. | 击沉了二十六艘军舰 击伤了三百艘 |
| [1:22:15] | The photographic record of these attacks | 这些袭击的影像记录 |
| [1:22:17] | includes some of the most astonishing footage of the war. | 包含了一些战争中最惊人的画面 |
| [1:22:20] | There were many near misses, as this one turned out to be, | 正如这架 很多敌机都擦肩而过 |
| [1:22:24] | but most of the Navy casualties at Okinawa | 冲绳战役中海军的大部分伤亡 |
| [1:22:26] | are attributed to Kamikazes. | 都拜神风敢死队所赐 |
| [1:22:39] | They damaged some carriers but sunk none. | 他们击伤了很多航空母舰 但没击沉一艘 |
| [1:22:42] | Yet they persisted. | 但他们坚持不懈 |
| [1:22:43] | The last kamikaze attack | 最后一次神风队袭击 |
| [1:22:44] | was mounted after the surrender. | 发生于日本投降后 |
| [1:22:49] | These B-24s are over Balikpapan in Borneo. | 这些轰炸机正在婆罗洲巴厘巴板市上空 |
| [1:22:52] | Known as the Ploesti of the Pacific, | 这里是太平洋著名的油田 |
| [1:22:54] | the huge oil refinery was bombed for 30 consecutive days | 大型炼油厂被连续轰炸了三十天 |
| [1:22:58] | in the summer of 1945. | 那是1945年夏天 |
| [1:23:02] | They were softening it up for what would be | 他们这是为二战 |
| [1:23:04] | the last amphibious landing of World War II. | 最后一次两栖登陆战做铺垫 |
| [1:23:09] | The American Coast Guard took Australian troops ashore. | 美国海岸警卫队送澳大利亚部队登陆 |
| [1:23:12] | Jerry Anker was there | 杰瑞·安克 |
| [1:23:14] | with his buddy Jim Lonergan, also a cameraman. | 和他好友 摄影师吉姆·郎尼根也在场 |
| [1:23:17] | He wanted a picture of himself in action. | 吉姆想要张自己行动的照片 |
| [1:23:19] | Anker obliged with a snap that became famous in the photo histories. | 安克于是抓拍了一张影史上的著名照片 |
| [1:23:24] | When the landing craft hit the beach at balikpapan, | 当登陆舰驶达巴厘巴板沙滩时 |
| [1:23:28] | I said, “oh, my god, that idiot!” | 我说”上帝啊 那个傻瓜” |
| [1:23:30] | and I pulled up my four-by-five | 我抽出了四乘五底片相机 |
| [1:23:32] | and shot the picture of him, | 拍了一张他的照片 |
| [1:23:33] | And I only took one picture of it, | 我也只拍了一张 |
| [1:23:35] | And it turned out to be a prizewinner. | 但这张照片就出名了 |
| [1:23:41] | Here, in the war’s waning days, Anker was presented | 战争渐近尾声 安克在这里 |
| [1:23:44] | with another more terrible photo opportunity. | 拍到了另一个恐怖场景 |
| [1:23:48] | I had been following this Australian infantryman with a flamethrower | 我当时跟着一位澳大利亚喷火兵 |
| [1:23:52] | around, I guess, for probably a half hour, | 跟了大概半个小时 |
| [1:23:55] | and it just so happened that when he shot | 他当时朝洞穴里 |
| [1:23:59] | this flamethrower into this cave, | 喷火的时候 |
| [1:24:01] | This Japanese soldier came running out in flames, | 一个日本士兵燃烧着跑了出来 |
| [1:24:05] | and I was able to photograph the entire sequence. | 我刚好拍下了整个过程 |
| [1:24:09] | To this day, | 直到今日 |
| [1:24:10] | I can still smell the stench of that burning body. | 我依然能闻到肉体燃烧的恶臭 |
| [1:24:15] | That one anonymous soldier, dying in agony, | 那一位无名战士在痛苦中死亡 |
| [1:24:18] | vividly symbolizes the waste of war. | 鲜明的象征了战争之殇 |
| [1:24:21] | Multiply his fate 100,000 times | 将他的命运乘以十万次 |
| [1:24:23] | and you begin to comprehend Hiroshima and Nagasaki. | 你就能想象广岛和长崎的惨剧 |
| [1:24:27] | But not entirely, | 但不只如此 |
| [1:24:29] | for as many people died later of radiation poisoning | 因为还有同样多的人在核弹爆炸后 |
| [1:24:32] | as died in the initial blasts. | 死于核辐射 |
| [1:24:35] | We are told these lives were traded for the many more | 人们常说 那些生命是必要的牺牲 |
| [1:24:37] | that would have been lost on both sides | 以避免进攻日本 |
| [1:24:39] | in an invasion of Japan. | 给双方带来更大伤亡 |
| [1:24:41] | But all we know for sure is | 但我们唯一能确定的是 |
| [1:24:43] | that the atomic bombs brought the war to an abrupt end | 原子弹使战争戛然而止 |
| [1:24:46] | and finally stopped all the killing | 将最终的伤亡人数定格在 |
| [1:24:49] | at over 40 million. | 四千万 |
| [1:24:55] | At Nagasaki, as at the concentration camps, | 在长崎 正如和在集中营一样 |
| [1:24:58] | the combat photographers had one last service to render. | 战地摄影师还有最后一项任务 |
| [1:25:02] | Dan McGovern speaks for all those | 丹·麦戈文可以代表 |
| [1:25:04] | Who entered this charnel house. | 所有进入这座藏尸所的人 |
| [1:25:07] | My effort was… | 我的任务是 |
| [1:25:09] | to show the world | 向全世界展现 |
| [1:25:12] | what the atomic bomb had done to a nation. | 原子弹对一个国家的杀伤有多大 |
| [1:25:15] | What it had done to human beings. | 对人类的伤害有多大 |
| [1:25:20] | The Sorayama School in Nagasaki… | 长崎市立城山小学 |
| [1:25:23] | Sucked out hundreds of kids through the windows. | 几百名孩子被从窗中吸出 |
| [1:25:27] | I remember one particular scene that I shot, | 我还记得我拍摄的一个独特片段 |
| [1:25:31] | and I couldn’t figure out | 我不明白 |
| [1:25:32] | what was wrong with this particular person. | 为什么他如此特别 |
| [1:25:35] | He reminded me of a monk, | 他让我想起了和尚 |
| [1:25:37] | or just a priest with his staff, | 或是一个拄着拐杖的牧师 |
| [1:25:40] | and he was standing up on a rise | 他起身站着 |
| [1:25:42] | looking over the hill of Nagasaki from the Urakami valley. | 从浦川望向长崎诸山 |
| [1:25:47] | He was a radiologist from the Nagasaki Teaching Hospital, | 他是来自长崎附属医院的放射科医师 |
| [1:25:51] | which was just down below the hill. | 医院就建在山下 |
| [1:25:53] | He told me then that he had lost his wife, | 他告诉我他失去了自己的妻子 |
| [1:25:56] | that he was suffering from radiation sickness. | 忍受着辐射病的折磨 |
| [1:26:00] | Two days later, he was gone. | 两天后 他就死了 |
| [1:26:04] | Where people were sitting when the bomb exploded, | 原子弹爆炸时 人坐过的地方 |
| [1:26:07] | permanent shadows were burned. | 会留下永久阴影 |
| [1:26:13] | It was the same way with things. | 物体也一样 |
| [1:26:15] | You can paint over the shadows, but you cannot erase them. | 你可以用涂料掩盖影子 但永远擦不掉 |
| [1:26:21] | That was my effort. | 这就是我的目的 |
| [1:26:24] | Thought because we showed the… | 希望通过展示 |
| [1:26:27] | burned bodies of children, | 烧焦的儿童尸体 |
| [1:26:30] | people would cry out, | 人们会大声疾呼 |
| [1:26:33] | “let’s not do this again. “ | “我们别再自相残杀了” |
| [1:26:39] | Yet we do. | 但我们还在残杀 |
| [1:26:41] | These pictures have been duplicated in every war | 类似的照片在近半世纪的战争中 |
| [1:26:44] | for over a half century. | 重复出现 |
| [1:26:46] | The children reach out to us in their abandonment, | 弃儿向我们伸手求救 |
| [1:26:49] | their incomprehensible loneliness. | 他们的无助和孤独 |
| [1:26:52] | The soldiers offer what comfort they can. | 士兵们尽可能的安慰他们 |
| [1:26:55] | These men and these children share the terrible bond of war. | 战争的伤痛让这些成人和孩子联系在一起 |
| [1:27:01] | But the soldiers will soon move on. | 但士兵迟早要离开 |
| [1:27:04] | They will not know the fates of these orphans | 他们不会知道这些与他们 |
| [1:27:05] | with whom they shared their humanity for a moment. | 共享片刻人性的孤儿的命运 |
| [1:27:09] | These picture ought to assure centuries of peace. | 这些影像本该促成百年和平 |
| [1:27:13] | They do not. | 然而却没有 |
| [1:27:16] | But it may be that after the shooting stops, | 但也许拍摄结束的那一刻 |
| [1:27:19] | the combat cameramen achieve their finest hour. | 才是一位战地摄影师最释然的时刻 |